Great Mosque of Al-Karomah Martapura

Historical Roots and Construction Evolution

The mosque has a long history that began during the leadership of Pangeran Muda Muhammad Arsyad in 1863. Initially known as Masjid Jami’ Martapura, the building was established to meet the growing need for worship space as Islam rapidly spread in the Banjar Sultanate region. During the Dutch colonial era, specifically in 1897, the mosque underwent a major renovation initiated by Haji Muhammad Nasir.

The name "Al-Karomah" itself was officially bestowed in 1994, referring to the "glory" or "karomah" often associated with the great scholars of Martapura, known as the "Veranda of Mecca" city. The mosque's construction has gone through several significant renovation phases, with the most drastic changes occurring in the 1990s and early 2000s, where the traditional wooden structure began to transform into a magnificent reinforced concrete structure without losing its historical essence.

Design Philosophy and Architectural Style

Architecturally, Masjid Agung Al-Karomah displays a harmonious eclectic style. Influences from Mughal, Middle Eastern, and traditional Banjar architecture merge into a single visual unity. One of the most striking elements is the use of five large domes that dominate the Martapura skyline. The main dome, a bright blue with gold geometric accents, symbolizes glory, surrounded by four smaller companion domes at each corner.

The building structure adopts an open-plan concept to maximize natural air circulation, a clever adaptation to Kalimantan's humid tropical climate. The mosque's facade is adorned with pointed arches characteristic of Islamic architecture, giving an impression of verticality and grandeur. The use of high-quality marble for the floors and walls not only provides a luxurious feel but also offers a cooling effect for the worshippers.

Structural Innovations and Interior Details

The technical uniqueness of Masjid Agung Al-Karomah lies in the integration of old and new structures. During the major renovations, the four main pillars (soko guru) made of original ulin wood from the old building were preserved and encased with beautiful calligraphic carvings. Ulin wood, or Kalimantan's ironwood, was chosen for its strength, capable of lasting for hundreds of years, symbolizing the steadfast faith of the Banjar people.

The mosque's interior showcases visual luxury through the use of deeply carved (relief) calligraphic ornaments on the mihrab walls. The mihrab is designed in great detail, using a dominant gold color contrasting with a green or white background, creating a strong spiritual focal point. A giant crystal chandelier hanging in the center of the main dome adds a dramatic touch and serves as the primary light source at night.

Symbolism of Minarets and Public Spaces

The mosque features tall, soaring minarets that function not only as loudspeakers for the adhan but also as visual landmarks of the city. The architecture of these minarets adopts the style of mosques in Medina with a local touch at their peaks. Around the mosque, there is a spacious plaza area often used for mass religious activities, such as Maulid Nabi (Prophet Muhammad's birthday) celebrations or the Haul of great scholars.

The landscaping around Masjid Agung Al-Karomah is also carefully considered. The presence of green open spaces and organized parking areas provides convenience for visitors from outside the city. The floor patterns in the outdoor areas of the mosque use paving blocks with Islamic geometric motifs consistent with the architectural theme of the main building.

Cultural and Social Significance

For the people of Martapura, Masjid Agung Al-Karomah is the heart of social life. Its architecture reflects Martapura's status as a center for Islamic education in Kalimantan. The existence of this mosque is closely linked to the presence of the Darussalam Islamic Boarding School and the tombs of great scholars, thus the mosque's design must be able to accommodate thousands of pilgrims and students daily.

Every architectural element, from the wood carving patterns to the choice of dome colors, tells a narrative of piety and local wisdom. This mosque is proof of how modern construction technology can be used to preserve traditional values without making the building feel outdated.

Visitor Experience and Current Usage

Entering Masjid Agung Al-Karomah provides a calming sensory experience. The transition from the hustle and bustle of the busy Martapura market to the tranquility of the mosque's main hall creates a contemplative atmosphere. The cool marble floors, the scent of distinctive fragrances, and the massive scale of the space make anyone who visits feel the greatness of the Creator.

Currently, the mosque not only functions as a place for the five daily prayers but also as a center for muamalah (Islamic business dealings) activities, Al-Qur'an education, and a primary religious tourism destination in South Kalimantan. Modern facilities such as elevators for the elderly, a state-of-the-art sound system, and hygienic ablution areas show that Masjid Agung Al-Karomah is a dynamic and adaptive building to the needs of the times.

As an architectural masterpiece, Masjid Agung Al-Karomah Martapura is a representation of the Banjar people's soul: strong like ulin wood, beautiful in diversity, and always bound to divine values. It continues to stand strong as a proud icon, a silent witness to history that continues to shine amidst modernity.