Krayan Highlands

Unique Landscapes and Geographical Features

The Krayan Highlands are surrounded by mountain ranges that serve as natural fortresses. Its landscape is dominated by a blend of dense montane tropical rainforests and vast valleys that have been transformed into traditional rice paddies over centuries. Unlike other regions of Kalimantan dominated by large muddy rivers, Krayan has small, clear streams that flow over mountain rocks, creating small rapids and hidden waterfalls like Air Terjun Pa’ Betung.

One of the most unique geological features in Krayan is the presence of saltwater springs in the middle of the mountains, far from the coastline. Local communities process this brine that emerges from the earth into the famous Garam Krayan (Krayan Salt). Additionally, ancient rock formations and archaeological sites in the form of megaliths are scattered throughout the settlement areas, proving that harmony between humans and nature in these highlands has existed for thousands of years.

Ecosystem and Biodiversity: A Paradise Above the Clouds

Krayan is an important part of the "Heart of Borneo." Its ecosystem is home to rare flora and fauna. The forests around the highlands are habitats for various exotic wild orchids and pitcher plants (Nepenthes) that thrive in the moist soil. This biodiversity is well-preserved due to the local wisdom of the Dayak Lundayeh people, who implement a traditional forest zoning system.

Specifically, Krayan is renowned for its agro-biodiversity system. In its valleys, Padi Adan grows, a superior organic rice variety that can only be found here. This rice has a fine texture and a sweet taste, whose excellence is recognized internationally. Furthermore, the surrounding forests are still home to hornbills, wild boars, and various primate species whose calls often break the morning silence of the forest.

Outdoor Tourism Experiences and Activities

For adventurers, the Krayan Highlands offer an authentic experience far from mass tourism crowds. Some of the main activities available include:

1. Trekking Traditional Forests: Tourists can follow trails that cut through protected forests towards the national border. These trails offer views of giant trees and opportunities to see endemic flora up close.

2. Cultural and Agricultural Tourism: Participating in the planting or harvesting of Padi Adan with local residents provides a new perspective on food self-sufficiency. Visitors can also witness the unique process of making mountain salt at the saltwater springs.

3. Bird Watching: With its diverse species of mountain birds, Krayan is a dream location for birdwatchers and wildlife photographers.

4. Exploring Megalithic Sites: Visiting ancient carved stone sites scattered in villages like Pa' Lungan adds a mystical yet historical nuance to your journey.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit the Krayan Highlands is during the dry season, between June and September. During this period, trekking trails are more stable, and the risk of heavy rain that can disrupt air transportation is reduced. However, if you want to see vast, verdant rice fields, visit between November and January. Meanwhile, the main harvest season usually falls in February or March, when the village atmosphere becomes very festive with local traditions.

Keep in mind that temperatures in Krayan can drop to 15 degrees Celsius at night, so warm clothing is essential even though you are on a tropical island like Borneo.

Conservation and Environmental Protection

The Krayan Highlands are a successful model of community-based conservation. A large part of its area directly borders the Kayan Mentarang National Park, one of the largest protected areas in Southeast Asia. The indigenous Lundayeh community acts as the frontline in protecting their forests from illegal logging.

The government and international environmental organizations collaborate with local residents to promote ecotourism as a sustainable economic alternative. Visitors are expected to adhere to customary rules, such as not damaging plants, not littering, and respecting sacred sites within the forest.

Accessibility and Facilities

Access to the Krayan Highlands is a challenge in itself, which adds to its adventurous appeal. Currently, the only practical access to Krayan from other Indonesian regions is by air using a pioneer aircraft (such as Susi Air or Mission Aviation Fellowship) from Tarakan City or Nunukan Regency. These flights are highly dependent on weather conditions and limited seat availability.

Tourism facilities in Krayan are still very simple but warm. There are no star-rated hotels here; tourists will stay in homestays owned by local residents. Staying in a homestay offers a rare opportunity for visitors to taste Krayan's local cuisine, such as game meat, fresh forest vegetables, and of course, Adan rice cooked over a wood-fired stove. Telecommunication signals are limited to certain areas, making it a perfect place for a digital detox and to interact fully with nature and people.

The Krayan Highlands are not just a tourist destination; they are a journey into the past, where humans and nature live in a fragile yet beautiful balance. For those seeking tranquility and untouched natural purity, Krayan is a gem in North Kalimantan waiting to be discovered.