Introduction

Welcome to the heart of Borneo, a legendary island that holds invaluable natural riches and profound cultural heritage. This 10-day expedition will take you deep into the jungles of Southeast Kalimantan, a region often overlooked but offering an authentic and unforgettable experience. From the breathtaking expanse of the tropical rainforest to the warm hospitality of the Dayak people, this adventure is designed for true explorers yearning for wild natural beauty and deep cultural understanding. Prepare to be amazed by the extraordinary biodiversity, learn about ancestral traditions that are still preserved, and feel a different pulse of life away from the hustle and bustle of the city.

Southeast Kalimantan, a province known for its pristine natural charm, offers more than just forests. It is home to rushing rivers, towering mountains, and Dayak communities that have lived in harmony with nature for centuries. In 10 days, we will explore these wonders, from the provincial capital, Banjarmasin, dubbed the "City of a Thousand Rivers," to the interior that still holds mysteries. You will interact directly with local communities, witness traditional rituals, and perhaps even have the chance to spot the iconic wildlife of Borneo. This is not just a trip; it is an expedition that will enrich your soul and open your eyes to the marvels of an untamed world. Get ready to leave your footprints on the historic land of Borneo and return with stories that will never fade.

History & Background

Borneo, the third-largest island in the world, boasts a long and complex history spanning millennia. This island, often referred to by its inhabitants as "Nusantara," has been a crossroads of cultures and trade since ancient times. Its rich natural resources, particularly timber, gold, and other forest products, have attracted the attention of various civilizations, from Southeast Asian maritime kingdoms to European explorers.

Administratively, the island of Borneo is divided among four nations: Indonesia (Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak), and Brunei Darussalam. The Indonesian part, known as Kalimantan, is further divided into five provinces: West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, and North Kalimantan. The province of Southeast Kalimantan, the focus of this expedition, has a rich history tied to local kingdoms and the arrival of various ethnic groups.

Before the arrival of Europeans, the region of Southeast Kalimantan was inhabited by various indigenous tribes, most notably the Dayak people. The Dayak are not a single monolithic group but rather a collection of diverse sub-tribes with distinct languages, customs, and beliefs, yet often sharing similarities in their way of life and their relationship with nature. They were known as skilled seafarers, proficient farmers, and wise forest guardians. Their oral traditions hold a rich history of migrations, wars, and their connection to nature spirits.

In the 16th century, the Banjar Sultanate emerged as a dominant power in the region. This sultanate played a significant role in the trade of spices and forest products, and interacted with the European colonial powers who began to set foot in Nusantara. The Dutch, through the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) and later its colonial administration, gradually increased their influence in Southeast Kalimantan, often through treaties that benefited them and weakened local powers. The colonial period brought significant changes to the region''s social, economic, and political structures, including the exploitation of natural resources and the formation of modern administrative boundaries.

After Indonesia's independence in 1945, Southeast Kalimantan became an integral part of the Republic of Indonesia. Its modern history is marked by development efforts, transmigration programs, and natural resource management. However, the cultural heritage of the Dayak people and other indigenous communities remains a vital part of Southeast Kalimantan's identity. Understanding this history is crucial to appreciating the cultural richness and natural uniqueness you will encounter during this 10-day expedition. It is a story of resilience, adaptation, and the deep, ongoing relationship between humans and nature that continues to this day.

Main Attractions

The 10-Day Borneo Expedition: Southeast Kalimantan Jungle Adventure & Dayak Culture is designed to present a perfect blend of stunning natural beauty and profound cultural richness. Here are the main attractions you will witness:

1. Banjarmasin: Heart of the City of a Thousand Rivers

Starting your adventure in Banjarmasin, the capital of Southeast Kalimantan, is a must. Known as the "City of a Thousand Rivers," this city offers a unique experience with its vast network of rivers that form the lifeline of its community.

Lok Baintan Floating Market: Witness authentic life at the oldest and largest floating market in Southeast Asia. Merchants use boats (jukung) to sell agricultural produce, fresh fish, and a variety of other goods. The best time to visit is in the morning, when market activity is at its peak.
Historical Sites and Architecture: Explore the Grand Mosque of Sabilal Muhtadin, one of Kalimantan's largest mosques, and the Suriansyah Sultan's Palace, a relic of the Banjar Sultanate.
River Tourism: Enjoy a boat trip along the small rivers that crisscross the city, observing the daily lives of residents living on the riverbanks.

2. Tanjung Puting National Park: Orangutan Paradise

Although geographically closer to Central Kalimantan, a visit to Tanjung Puting National Park is often an integral part of a comprehensive Borneo expedition. This national park is one of the largest and most important orangutan sanctuaries in the world.

Camp Leakey: A renowned orangutan rehabilitation and research center, founded by Dr. Biruté Galdikas. Here, you have a rare opportunity to see orangutans up close, learn about their conservation programs, and witness feeding sessions.
Boat Tours (Klotok): Explore the Sekonyer River aboard a traditional boat (klotok). This experience allows you to stay on the boat, surrounded by the natural sounds of the tropical rainforest, and spot wildlife such as proboscis monkeys, crocodiles, and various bird species.
Jungle Trekking: Undertake light treks within the forest to directly experience the extraordinary biodiversity, including various rare flora.

3. Dayak Traditional Villages and Local Culture

One of the most important objectives of this expedition is to understand and respect the rich and diverse culture of the Dayak people.

Direct Interaction: Visit traditional Dayak villages, such as those in the Hulu Sungai region or other interior areas, to interact directly with the local residents. Learn about their way of life, the architecture of their longhouses (Lamin), and their preserved traditions.
Traditional Rituals and Ceremonies: If you are fortunate, you may witness traditional ceremonies such as the Harvest Festival (Gawai) or meaningful religious rituals.
Art and Handicrafts: Learn about the distinctive Dayak wood carving art, traditional weaving, and other handicrafts that reflect their life philosophy.
Traditional Dance and Music: Watch captivating traditional Dayak dance and music performances, which often tell stories of ancestors and legends.

4. Biodiversity of the Tropical Rainforest

Southeast Kalimantan is home to one of the world's richest tropical rainforest ecosystems.

Flora: Discover various types of plants, including giant trees, traditional medicinal plants, and exotic flowers like wild orchids.
Fauna: In addition to orangutans and proboscis monkeys, the forest is also inhabited by various primate species, the iconic hornbill, pangolins, snakes, and numerous insect species.
Trekking and Wildlife Observation: Trek on designated trails with local guides to increase your chances of spotting wildlife and learning about forest ecology.

5. Hidden Rivers and Waterfalls

Explore the beauty of clear rivers and hidden waterfalls amidst the forest.

River Excursions: Enjoy the sensation of cruising along rivers by motorboat or canoe, taking in the refreshing green scenery.
Waterfalls: Discover waterfalls that offer a refreshing spot for swimming and relaxing after jungle exploration.

Every element of this expedition is designed to provide a deep, educational, and adventurous experience, making your 10 days in Borneo unforgettable.

Travel Tips & Logistics

Planning a 10-day expedition to Southeast Kalimantan requires attention to logistical details and thorough preparation. Here is a comprehensive guide to ensure your trip is smooth and enjoyable:

1. Best Time to Visit

Dry Season (April - October): This is the most recommended time to visit Southeast Kalimantan. The weather tends to be drier, facilitating access to remote areas and outdoor activities like trekking and river tours. Rivers are also generally calmer.
Rainy Season (November - March): While still possible to visit, the rainy season can bring increased rainfall, potentially disrupting travel schedules, making some trekking trails difficult to access, and increasing the risk of flooding in some areas.

2. Transportation

Flights: The main airport serving Southeast Kalimantan is Syamsudin Noor Airport (BDJ) in Banjarbaru, which has flights from major Indonesian cities like Jakarta, Surabaya, and Denpasar.
Land Transportation: Within Banjarmasin, you can use taxis, ojek (motorcycle taxis), or rent a car. For inter-city travel or to remote areas, inter-provincial buses, rental cars, or river transportation (if available) are options.
River Transportation: In areas rich with rivers, like Banjarmasin and its surroundings, motorboats (kelotok) are common modes of transport. For expeditions to Tanjung Puting National Park, hiring a traditional klotok is the best way to explore the rivers and forests.

3. Accommodation

Banjarmasin: A variety of accommodation options are available, ranging from star-rated hotels to budget hotels and traditional guesthouses.
Tanjung Puting National Park: The primary accommodation option is staying on a hired klotok, which usually comes with simple sleeping quarters and basic facilities. Some eco-lodges are also available near the park's entrance.
Dayak Traditional Villages: Accommodation in Dayak villages is generally very basic or even consists of traditional stilt houses provided by the local community. This offers an authentic homestay experience.

4. Physical and Mental Preparation

Fitness: This expedition involves trekking in forests, boat rides, and adapting to a tropical environment. Having a good level of fitness will be very beneficial.
Open Mindset: Be prepared to face conditions that may not always be comfortable, such as hot and humid weather, insects, and cultural differences. An open and flexible attitude will make your experience more enjoyable.

5. Health and Safety

Vaccinations: Consult your doctor regarding recommended vaccinations, especially for Hepatitis A, Tetanus, and Typhoid. Rabies vaccination may also be considered if you plan to interact with wildlife.
Personal Medications: Carry an adequate first-aid kit, including insect repellent, anti-diarrhea medication, bandages, antiseptic, and your personal prescription medications.
Drinking Water: Drink bottled water of guaranteed purity or boiled water. Avoid drinking tap water.
Safety: Always follow the instructions of your local guide, especially when in the forest or near rivers. Be mindful of your belongings in public areas.

6. Essential Gear

Clothing: Pack light, moisture-wicking, and quick-drying clothing. Long pants and long-sleeved shirts are highly recommended for protection from the sun and insect bites. Also pack swimwear.
Footwear: Comfortable and waterproof trekking shoes, as well as sandals or water shoes for activities around rivers.
Additional Gear: Hat, sunglasses, sunscreen, microfiber towel, headlamp, power bank, camera, and binoculars for wildlife observation.
Bags: A comfortable backpack for daily essentials and a large waterproof bag for clothing and other items.

7. Visiting Dayak Villages

Respect Customs: Always ask for permission before taking photos of local residents or entering certain areas. Learn a few basic local phrases if possible.
Bring Small Gifts: Bringing small gifts like stationery, books, or basic necessities for village children can be a kind gesture, but discuss this with your guide beforehand to ensure appropriateness.

8. Estimated Costs (Subjective)

Trip costs will vary significantly depending on your travel style, accommodation choices, and selected activities. However, generally speaking, Southeast Kalimantan can be a relatively affordable destination compared to other popular tourist spots. Consider costs for flights, accommodation, local transportation, attraction entrance fees, tours, and personal expenses.

With careful planning and by following these tips, your expedition to Southeast Kalimantan will be a safe, comfortable, and adventurous experience.

Cuisine & Local Experience

A journey to Southeast Kalimantan is not just about natural beauty and culture, but also about savoring the authentic flavors of its rich cuisine and engaging in deep local experiences. The culinary scene in this region reflects the bounty of its produce and the influences of various ethnic groups inhabiting it.

1. Distinct Flavors of Southeast Kalimantan

Freshwater Fish Dishes: Given Banjarmasin's moniker as the "City of a Thousand Rivers," freshwater fish is the star of many dishes. Try Ikan Gabus Pucung, snakehead fish cooked with a distinctive kluwek (black nut) spice, giving it a savory and slightly bitter taste. Soto Banjar is another must-try dish, a rich chicken broth soup with added boiled eggs, shredded chicken, and a garnish of spring onions and fried shallots. The uniqueness of this soto lies in the use of spices like fennel, cumin, and cardamom.
Fresh Seafood: In coastal areas or at floating markets, you will find a variety of fresh seafood prepared into delicious dishes. Sate Ikan Bandeng is a favorite, grilled milkfish prepared without bones and seasoned with a special sauce.
Ayam Adum/Ayam Bakar Madu: Grilled chicken with a sweet and savory marinade, often served with spicy terasi (shrimp paste) sambal.
Local Vegetables: Enjoy various simply cooked fresh vegetables, such as Sayur Asam, which differs from the Javanese version, offering a lighter yet refreshing taste.

2. Unforgettable Culinary Experiences

Floating Market: The most iconic culinary experience in Southeast Kalimantan is dining at a floating market. Sample traditional market snacks sold from boat to boat, or enjoy breakfast of chicken porridge (bubur ayam) or nasi kuning (yellow rice) cooked directly on a vendor's boat.
Local Eateries: Don't hesitate to try simple eateries by the roadside or in traditional markets. This is where you will find the most authentic and affordable dishes.
Enjoying Local Coffee: Kalimantan has its own coffee beans worth trying. Enjoy a cup of hot coffee at a local coffee shop while observing the surrounding life.

3. Cultural Interaction Through Food

Learn to Cook: If possible, join a short cooking class to learn how to prepare traditional Dayak or Banjar dishes. This is an excellent way to understand local ingredients and traditional cooking techniques.
Sharing Food: In Dayak villages, there is often a tradition of sharing food with guests. Be humble and enjoy the opportunity to taste home-cooked meals prepared with love.
Tropical Fruits: Take advantage of the tropical fruit season, such as durian, mangosteen, rambutan, and salak. Experience their distinctive freshness and sweetness.

4. Local Beverages

Teh Poci: A warm drink served in small clay pots, offering a distinct aroma and flavor.
Herbal Drinks: The Dayak people possess deep knowledge of medicinal plants. You may be offered herbal drinks believed to have health benefits.

Exploring the cuisine of Southeast Kalimantan is an adventure in itself. Every dish tells a story of natural abundance, ancestral traditions, and the lives of its people. Don't miss the chance to taste every delicacy this island has to offer.

Conclusion

The 10-Day Borneo Expedition: Southeast Kalimantan Jungle Adventure & Dayak Culture is an invitation to delve into the heart of an island full of mystery and wonder. This journey promises more than just a vacation; it's an opportunity to reconnect with the wild, appreciate preserved cultural richness, and witness authentic beauty.

From the lively bustle of Banjarmasin's floating markets to the tranquility of orangutan-inhabited rainforests, every moment will be a valuable lesson. You will return not only with beautiful photos but also with a deeper understanding of the Dayak way of life, nature's resilience, and Indonesia's cultural diversity. This is a journey that will challenge, inspire, and leave lasting memories. Prepare for the adventure of a lifetime in Borneo!

10 Days Borneo Expedition: Southeast Kalimantan Jungle Adventure & Dayak Culture