How to Use a Squat Toilet in Indonesia

Introduction

For many foreign tourists or those accustomed to modern facilities in big cities, encountering a squat toilet in Indonesia can be a rather challenging cultural surprise. However, understanding How to Use a Squat Toilet in Indonesia is not just about fulfilling biological needs, but a gateway to understanding a more traditional and hygienic local lifestyle according to local standards. In Indonesia, squat toilets are a common sight you'll find at gas stations, traditional markets, train stations, and even in people's homes in rural areas.

Although it may seem tiring or confusing to some, using a squat toilet is actually considered medically healthier because the squatting position facilitates smoother waste elimination. This guide is designed to help you navigate the practical aspects of using this facility, from how to position yourself, using water instead of toilet paper, to basic etiquette that must be followed. By understanding this guide, you will no longer feel anxious when you have to use public facilities in remote parts of the archipelago, and instead, you will feel more integrated with the rhythm of authentic Indonesian life.

History & Background

The use of squat toilets in Indonesia has very deep historical and cultural roots. Historically, sanitation culture in the archipelago was greatly influenced by the availability of abundant water sources and the influence of religious teachings, especially Islam. In the Islamic tradition, which is adhered to by the majority of Indonesians, the concept of thaharah or purification strongly emphasizes the use of clean water for cleansing after defecation. Water is considered the most perfect cleaning agent compared to dry media like tissue or stones.

Ergonomically, before Western flush toilet technology was introduced during the Dutch colonial era, Indonesians were accustomed to the squatting position. This position aligned with other daily activities in the past, such as farming or gathering on the floor. The squat toilet we know today, usually made of ceramic or porcelain, is actually an evolution from simpler traditional methods. In the past, sanitation facilities might have been latrines over fish ponds or rivers, but with increasing public health awareness in the 20th century, the government began promoting the use of a swan neck on squat toilets to prevent odors and the spread of disease.

To this day, although luxury office buildings in Jakarta use sophisticated sitting toilets, squat toilets remain the gold standard in most parts of Indonesia. This is not only due to economic factors or lower installation costs, but also because of the public's preference to feel "cleaner" by not having direct physical contact between their buttocks and the surface of a toilet seat that has been used by others.

Main Attractions

While this title might sound technical, the "main attraction" of the squat toilet experience lies in its unique functional and health aspects. Here is a detailed breakdown of how to use it and its benefits:

1. Correct Positioning Technique

The key to using a squat toilet is balance. You need to place your feet on the available footrests on the left and right sides of the toilet hole. Ensure your heels are flat on the ground (if your flexibility allows) or resting on the balls of your feet. A deep squat position helps the muscles in the abdominal and rectal areas align, making the elimination process faster and more efficient compared to sitting.

2. Using the Water Basin and Ladle (Gayung/Ciduk)

Unlike Western toilets that rely on toilet paper, squat toilets in Indonesia are almost always equipped with a small water basin (bak air) and a ladle (gayung/ciduk).

• How to Wash: You use your right hand to hold the ladle and pour water, while your left hand is used to clean your private area. This is why in Indonesian culture, the left hand is considered "impolite" for eating or shaking hands.
• Maximum Cleanliness: Using running water provides a much fresher feeling of cleanliness compared to just using dry tissue.

3. Understanding the Flushing System

Most squat toilets in Indonesian public facilities do not have an automatic flush button. You need to manually flush the waste using the ladle. Take water from the basin repeatedly and pour it forcefully into the hole until everything is clean. Make sure you also rinse the area around the footrests if they get splashed.

4. Health Benefits

Many health experts agree that squatting is the natural human position for defecation. It can prevent constipation, hemorrhoids, and strain on the pelvic muscles. Using a squat toilet during your trip in Indonesia can be a short physical exercise that improves the flexibility of your ankle and knee joints.

5. Contact-Free Hygiene

One of the biggest advantages is that you don't have to worry about bacteria sticking to the toilet seat. Your skin only comes into contact with the floor or footrests, significantly minimizing the risk of contracting skin diseases or infections from public toilet surfaces.

Travel & Logistics Tips

Facing a squat toilet requires thorough logistical preparation to ensure your experience remains comfortable. Here are some practical tips:

• Always Bring Your Own Tissues: Many public toilets in markets or at gas stations do not provide toilet paper. If you are not yet accustomed to using water exclusively, make sure you bring dry tissues or wet wipes in your small bag. However, remember: Do not throw tissues into the toilet hole as it will clog the pipes. Use the provided trash bin.
• Prepare Small Change: In many public places like terminals or markets, there are attendants who manage the toilets. You usually need to pay a fee of around Rp2,000 to Rp5,000. Make sure you have coins or small bills in your pocket.
• Mind Your Clothing: If you are wearing loose trousers or a long skirt, be careful that the ends of your clothing do not touch the floor, which might be wet. It is highly recommended to roll up your trousers before squatting.
• Check Water Availability: Before starting your "ritual," ensure the water basin is full. There's nothing worse than realizing the water basin is empty when you're done. If it's empty, there's usually a tap near the basin that you can turn on first.
• Footwear: The floor of squat toilets is almost always wet. Wear flip-flops or waterproof shoes. Avoid wearing only socks or fabric shoes that easily absorb water.

Culinary & Local Experience

You might wonder, what's the connection between toilets and culinary experiences? In Indonesia, both are closely related through the concept of "spicy." Indonesian cuisine is famous for its appetizing sambal, which can trigger a rapid reaction in the digestive system. Exploring street food like spicy Bakso, Seblak, or Nasi Padang will often end with a sudden visit to the toilet.

Using a squat toilet after enjoying rich, spiced local dishes is part of "The Full Indonesian Experience." There's a sense of satisfaction when you successfully conquer the physical challenge of a squat toilet after your stomach reacts to the strong bird's eye chilies. Furthermore, many squat toilets are located near mushola (prayer rooms) in eateries or at gas stations. Here, you can observe how locals perform wudhu (ablution with water), which highlights the importance of water in daily life and the cleanliness of Indonesian society. This is a profound sociological experience of how a nation manages sanitation amidst a humid tropical climate.

Conclusion

Mastering How to Use a Squat Toilet in Indonesia may require a little practice and courage for beginners, but it is an invaluable survival skill when exploring the beauty of the archipelago. By following this guide—from maintaining balance, using water with your left hand, to preparing your own tissues—you will not only maintain your digestive health but also show respect for local culture and norms.

Squat toilets are a symbol of simplicity and effectiveness. They teach us to return to natural ways and appreciate water as the primary cleaning source. So, the next time you see a squat toilet on your travels, don't hesitate. Grab that ladle, take your position, and enjoy the experience of being part of the real Indonesian local life. Happy adventuring!