Colonial History: Old Church & Kota Intan Batavia, Jakarta

Introduction

Welcome to an adventure tracing the colonial historical footprints in the heart of North Jakarta, specifically in the Bandengan area, which holds the charm of Kota Intan Batavia. For history buffs, lovers of classical architecture, and those fascinated by tales of the past, this area offers an unforgettable experience. This article will guide you through the rich cultural heritage hidden behind the hustle and bustle of the metropolitan city. From sacred old church buildings to the sturdy remnants of defensive forts, Kota Intan Batavia is a window into Jakarta's vibrant and intriguing past.

Let's embark on this journey by imagining how busy the Sunda Kelapa harbor was in the past, which later developed into Batavia, the center of Dutch East Indies power. It was here that the pulse of colonial trade and administration beat strongly. We will thoroughly explore the history behind these historical sites, understanding their role in shaping Jakarta as we know it today. Prepare to be amazed by the grand architecture that still stands strong, feel the sacred atmosphere in old churches, and envision the lives of our predecessors in a different era. This is not just an ordinary tourist visit, but an educational and inspiring journey through time.

Kota Intan Batavia, now largely located in the Bandengan area of North Jakarta, is one of the silent witnesses to colonial civilization in Indonesia. The name "Kota Intan" itself refers to the diamond-shaped fort, a defensive structure designed to protect the interests of the VOC (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie) or the Dutch East India Company. Around this fort, a settlement flourished, becoming a center of economic and social activity for its inhabitants, both indigenous and newcomers from Europe and Asia. The presence of old churches nearby further enriches the historical value of this area, serving as spiritual centers for the Christian community during the colonial period.

History & Background

The story of Kota Intan Batavia began with the grand ambitions of the VOC to control the spice trade routes in the archipelago. After successfully capturing Jayakarta from the Sultanate of Banten in 1619, the VOC, under the leadership of Governor-General Jan Pieterszoon Coen, established a new city they named Batavia. The construction of this city was carried out on the ruins of Jayakarta, with the aim of creating a strategic administrative and military center in Southeast Asia.

One of the crucial elements in the development of Batavia was its defense system. The VOC recognized the importance of a strong fort to protect the city from enemy attacks, whether from local powers or other European nations. This is where the concept of "Kota Intan" (Diamond Fort) was born. The fort was designed with prominent bastions, providing a wide field of vision in all directions and enabling effective defense. The fort stretched from the banks of the Ciliwung River to the sea, encircling the city center and the harbor.

As time went by, Batavia grew into a bustling port city and an international trade hub. Various communities began to settle around the fort, including Europeans, Chinese, Malays, and many other ethnic groups. This diversity was reflected in the architecture, culture, and cuisine that developed in the city.

The role of old churches in Batavia's history cannot be overlooked. As religious centers for the European colonial community, these churches served as places of worship, social activity hubs, and even burial grounds for VOC officials. One of the most iconic churches is the Gereja Sion (Oud Batavia Church), built in 1695. This church has witnessed various significant events in Batavia's history, from wedding ceremonies to state occasions.

Besides Gereja Sion, there were other churches of high historical value, although some now only remain as ruins or have undergone significant changes. The presence of these churches indicates that besides being a center of trade and power, Batavia also had an important spiritual dimension for its inhabitants during the colonial era. These traces can still be found in the area now known as Kota Tua, including the area around Bandengan.

The development of Kota Intan Batavia was also inseparable from the crucial role of Sunda Kelapa harbor. This harbor had been an important maritime center since the time of the Sunda Kingdom, before the arrival of Europeans. When the VOC took over, the harbor continued to be developed into a main port connecting Batavia with the rest of the world. Merchant ships from various corners of the globe docked here, carrying valuable commodities and spreading cultural influence.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, the VOC's influence began to wane and was replaced by the Dutch East Indies government. Batavia remained the capital of the Dutch East Indies, and the city continued to grow rapidly. However, with the city's growth, parts of the Kota Intan fort began to be dismantled for territorial expansion and new infrastructure development. Nevertheless, the remnants of the fort and other historical buildings remain a reminder of past glories.

The area we now know as Kota Intan Batavia, including the vicinity of Bandengan, was once an integral part of this magnificent colonial city. Although many original buildings have been lost or changed their function, the spirit and historical traces remain strong. Understanding this history is important to appreciate the value of the existing cultural heritage and conservation efforts.

Main Attractions

Exploring Kota Intan Batavia in the Bandengan area, North Jakarta, is like opening captivating pages of colonial history. This area holds several main attractions that you must visit to experience the rich historical atmosphere of the past.

Gereja Sion (Oud Batavia Church)

One of the main pillars in exploring colonial history in this area is Gereja Sion. Built in 1695, this church is one of the oldest Protestant churches in Jakarta that still stands strong and is actively used today. The architecture of Gereja Sion reflects the Dutch Baroque style, with thick walls, beautiful stained-glass windows, and a grand interior. Its sturdy walls and large pillars give an impression of strength and resilience, as if telling stories from past centuries.

Upon entering Gereja Sion, you will feel a solemn and tranquil atmosphere. Notice the intricate wood carvings on the pulpit and the centuries-old pews. The original church bell, still rung at specific times, adds to the magical impression. Within this church lie the tombs of several important VOC figures, further emphasizing its status as a religious and social center during the colonial era. Don't miss the opportunity to admire the old pipe organ, which is still well-maintained, a masterpiece of art and technology of its time. Gereja Sion not only functions as a place of worship but also as a living museum holding many stories.

Remnants of Kota Intan Fort

Although most of the Kota Intan fort has been dismantled with the city's development, some of its structural remnants can still be found around the Bandengan area. This fort was once a crucial part of Batavia's defense system, designed to protect the city from attacks. Its diamond-like shape gave the fort its name, with strategically placed bastions.

One of the most famous remnants of the fort is located near Sunda Kelapa Harbor. Although no longer intact, you can still see the contours and some remaining stone walls. Imagining the size and strength of this fort in the past will provide a picture of Batavia's importance as the VOC's power center. Walking around this area, you can feel the hidden historical traces amidst modern buildings.

Fatahillah Museum (in Jakarta's Old Town)

Although administratively located slightly outside the specific Kota Intan Batavia area in Bandengan, the Fatahillah Museum, situated in the heart of Jakarta's Old Town (Kota Tua), is a closely related and inseparable destination for exploring colonial history. This building was formerly Batavia's City Hall, the center of VOC governance, and is now a museum housing various historical artifacts of Jakarta from prehistoric times to the colonial era.

Inside the Fatahillah Museum, you will find a rich collection, including antique furniture, statues, ceramics, inscriptions, and various other relics that tell the story of life in Batavia. Visitors can learn more about the VOC's governance system, the daily lives of the inhabitants, and the city's development over time. The architecture of the building itself, in a classic European style, is also a significant attraction.

Sunda Kelapa Harbor Area

Sunda Kelapa Harbor, the precursor to Batavia's port, is also an important part of this historical exploration. Although its appearance is now dominated by fishing boats and PELNI ships, this harbor still holds a long history of maritime heritage. Here, you can see traditional Pinisi schooners still in operation, reminiscent of the golden age of Indonesian seafaring.

Observing the activities at the harbor, listening to the hum of boat engines, and smelling the sea air will transport you back to the time when this port was the main gateway for international trade. You can stroll along the docks, capture moments with traditional boats, and imagine the VOC ships that once docked here. This experience provides a unique perspective on the vital role of the port in the history of Batavia and Indonesia.

Colonial Architecture in the Vicinity

In addition to the main sites, pay attention to the architecture of the old buildings still remaining in the Bandengan and Kota Tua areas. Many buildings that were once VOC officials' residences, warehouses, or other public facilities have now been transformed into cafes, souvenir shops, or art centers. Although some have been renovated, the characteristic colonial architectural features such as high windows, spacious verandas, and multi-tiered roofs are still clearly visible.

A leisurely stroll along the narrow streets in this area is the best way to discover hidden gems. Each building seems to have its own story. You can admire the facade details, the distinctive paint colors, and how these buildings have adapted to the times without losing their historical identity. This experience complements your understanding of life in colonial Batavia.

Travel Tips & Logistics

To ensure your visit to the Old Church & Kota Intan Batavia Historical Trail is smooth and enjoyable, here are some travel tips and logistical information to consider:

Best Time to Visit

• Weekdays (Monday-Friday): The area tends to be less crowded than on weekends, allowing you to enjoy the atmosphere more peacefully and freely. This is ideal for photography and in-depth exploration.
• Weekends (Saturday-Sunday): Will be busier with local visitors and tourists. The atmosphere is more lively with various activities and food vendors. However, be prepared for crowds.
• Morning: It is highly recommended to start your exploration in the morning, especially when the weather is not too hot. This is also a good time to visit Gereja Sion before prayer services begin or when it's quiet.
• Afternoon: As the sun begins to set, the area offers beautiful scenery. The golden light falling on the old buildings creates a romantic and dramatic atmosphere.
• Avoid Peak Heat Hours: 11:00 AM to 3:00 PM are usually the hottest hours in Jakarta. Plan your visit to avoid these times, or ensure you have adequate protection.

How to Get There

The Kota Intan Batavia and Gereja Sion area is located in North Jakarta, close to the Kota Tua area. Here are some transportation options:

• Private Vehicle: You can use a car or motorcycle. There are several parking areas available around Kota Tua, but they can fill up on weekends or holidays.
• Public Transportation:
• TransJakarta: Take a bus corridor heading to Halte Kota (Kota Bus Stop). From Halte Kota, you can walk for about 10-15 minutes to Gereja Sion or the fort remnants.
• KRL Commuter Line: Alight at Jakarta Kota Station. From this station, you can walk or take a becak (pedicab) or ojek (motorcycle taxi) to the location.
• Online Motorcycle Taxi (Gojek/Grab): This option is very practical and easy. Simply enter "Gereja Sion" or "Kota Intan Batavia" as your destination (though the marker might be more generally towards Kota Tua) and let the app direct you.
• Taxi: You can use conventional taxis or ride-hailing taxi services.

Accommodation

If you wish to spend more time in this area, there are several accommodation options in North Jakarta or around Kota Tua:

• Historic Hotels: Some hotels in the Kota Tua area offer unique stays with a colonial ambiance.
• Modern Hotels: A range of hotels from budget to five-star are available in the wider North Jakarta area.
• Simple Lodgings: You can also find more affordable boarding houses or inns.

Entrance Fees and Operating Hours

• Gereja Sion: Generally free to enter and attend services. However, for group tours or special facility usage, there might be a fee. Operating hours usually follow the church's schedule, open on Sundays for services and on specific days for general visits. Be sure to check the latest schedule.
• Remnants of Kota Intan Fort: Access to the fort remnants is generally free as they are public or open areas.
• Fatahillah Museum: There is a relatively affordable entrance fee. The museum's operating hours are usually Tuesday-Sunday, from morning to afternoon. Closed on Mondays.
• Kota Tua: The Kota Tua area itself is accessible for free. However, some attractions within it (like other museums or bicycle rentals) have separate fees.

Additional Tips:

• Attire: Wear comfortable and modest clothing, especially when visiting Gereja Sion. Bring a hat or umbrella for sun protection.
• Footwear: Use comfortable shoes for walking, as you will be exploring the area extensively on foot.
• Drinking Water: Carry sufficient drinking water, as Jakarta's weather can be very hot and humid.
• Cash: Prepare cash for purchasing food, drinks, or souvenirs from street vendors or small shops.
• Camera: Capture your historical moments with a camera or phone.
• Local Guide: Consider hiring a local guide in the Kota Tua area. They can provide in-depth historical information and take you to hidden corners.
• Security: Keep your belongings safe, especially in crowded places.
• Respect Historical Sites: Treat historical sites with respect. Do not litter and avoid damaging buildings or artifacts.

By following these tips, you can maximize your experience exploring the colonial history of Kota Intan Batavia and Jakarta's Old Church.

Cuisine & Local Experience

Exploring the historical sites of Kota Intan Batavia and the Old Church in Jakarta will not be complete without savoring the culinary richness and local experiences this area offers. The Kota Tua Jakarta area and its surroundings, including Bandengan, represent a unique blend of the past and a dynamic modern life.

Typical Batavia Cuisine

Around the Kota Tua area, you will find various culinary options that reflect the historical influences and diverse cultures that once graced Batavia. Some dishes worth trying:

• Nasi Goreng (Fried Rice): One of Indonesia's favorite dishes, the fried rice here often has a unique flavor, perhaps influenced by recipes passed down from the colonial era.
• Sate Ayam/Kambing (Chicken/Goat Satay): Served with lontong (rice cakes) and delicious peanut sauce, satay is always a tempting choice.
• Bakmi/Mie Ayam (Noodle Soup): A warm noodle dish, often with chicken and vegetables, is a comforting option.
• Martabak: Both sweet (martabak manis) and savory (martabak telur) pancakes are always a hit. You can find martabak vendors on many street corners.
• Soto Betawi: A traditional Betawi soup rich in spices, with a coconut milk or milk-based broth, served with beef and tripe. It has a savory and delicious taste.
• Kopi Batavia (Batavian Coffee): Enjoy a cup of coffee in the classic-themed cafes in Kota Tua. Some cafes serve coffee in traditional styles and recipes.

Street Food and Traditional Drinks

Besides main courses, don't miss the tempting street food:

• Terang Bulan/Pancake: The sweet version of martabak, often with various fillings like chocolate, cheese, or peanuts.
• Kue Ape: A traditional Betawi pancake that is thin, crispy on the edges, and soft in the middle, usually green from pandan flavoring.
• Es Selendang Mayang: A refreshing cold drink typical of Betawi, made from rice flour, coconut milk, palm sugar, and fruit pieces.
• Bir Pletok: A traditional Betawi drink made from spices like ginger, cinnamon, and cloves, served warm. Despite its name ("bir" means beer), this drink is non-alcoholic.

Unique Local Experiences

Beyond the culinary delights, this area offers local experiences that enrich your visit:

• Rent a Vintage Bicycle (Sepeda Onthel): One of the most popular ways to explore Kota Tua is by renting a classic-style vintage bicycle. Cycling among the historical buildings provides a unique sensation and allows you to cover a larger area with ease.
• Photoshoot in Colonial Costumes: Some service providers offer rentals of Dutch or peranakan Chinese costumes for photoshoots. This can be a fun way to interact with history and create creative pictures.
• Street Music Performances: Occasionally, you will find street musicians playing traditional or modern music, adding to the lively atmosphere.
• Visit Souvenir Shops: Find a variety of unique souvenirs, ranging from miniature historical buildings to handicrafts and Batavia-themed clothing.
• Interact with the Local Community: Chatting with local vendors or residents can provide interesting insights into daily life in this area.
• Observe Harbor Activities: If you visit the Sunda Kelapa Harbor area, observing the bustle of fishing boats and larger vessels gives a glimpse into Jakarta's maritime economic pulse.

A visit to Kota Intan Batavia and the Old Church in Jakarta is not just about seeing old buildings, but also about feeling the pulse of life that continues, blending past and present. Don't hesitate to try various local foods and interact with the local community to get the most authentic experience.

Conclusion

The Old Church & Kota Intan Batavia Historical Trail in North Jakarta is a destination rich in historical and cultural value. From the silent witness to VOC power in its fort remnants, to the spiritual tranquility at Gereja Sion, this area offers a deep journey into Indonesia's colonial past.

By exploring every corner, we not only see old buildings but also feel the pulse of history that shaped Jakarta today. This experience is enriched by tempting local cuisine and various interesting activities that make the visit even more memorable.

For history, architecture, and culture enthusiasts, Kota Intan Batavia and its surrounding areas are treasures that must be explored. Make this journey an opportunity to learn, appreciate, and celebrate invaluable national heritage.

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FAQ

Q: What are the main icons that must be seen in the Kota Intan Batavia and Old Church area?

A: Main icons include Gereja Sion (Oud Batavia Church), remnants of Kota Intan Fort, Fatahillah Museum (in Kota Tua), and Sunda Kelapa Harbor.

Q: What is the best way to get around this area?

A: Walking is the best way to appreciate the architectural details. For wider areas, renting a vintage bicycle in Kota Tua is highly recommended.

Q: Is there an entrance fee to visit Gereja Sion?

A: It is generally free for the public and for worship. However, it's advisable to check the latest schedule and regulations from the church authorities.

Q: When is the best time to visit to avoid crowds?

A: Weekdays (Monday-Friday) in the morning are usually less crowded. Weekends will be busier but more lively.

Q: Are there any recommended local cuisines to try?

A: Try Soto Betawi, Bir Pletok, Kue Ape, and various street foods available around Kota Tua.

Q: Is this area safe to visit?

A: Yes, the area is generally safe, but it is still advisable to keep your belongings secure, especially in crowded places.

Q: Is there parking available?

A: Yes, there are several parking areas around Kota Tua, but they can be full during peak times.

Q: Are there tours available for this area?

A: Yes, you can hire a local guide in the Kota Tua area for more in-depth historical explanations.