Introduction

Welcome to Bandung, the 'City of Flowers,' a city that captivates not only with its natural beauty but also with the rich history etched into every corner. One of the must-visit destinations is the Bandung Old Town (Kota Tua Bandung). Wandering through this area is like stepping back in time, feeling the classic aura imbued with European architectural styles from the Dutch colonial era. The cool mountain air blends with the charm of historic buildings, creating a unique and unforgettable atmosphere. This area is more than just a collection of old buildings; it's a silent witness to Bandung's historical journey, from a colonial administrative town to the dynamic metropolis it is today. From government buildings, old shopping centers, to grand private residences, every architectural detail tells its own story. Let's delve deeper into the charm of Bandung's Old Town, a cultural journey that will enrich your understanding of Indonesia's colonial heritage.

Bandung's Old Town, often referring to the area around Jalan Braga, Jalan Asia Afrika, and their surrounding streets, is the historical heart of the city. This is where the administrative and social life of Bandung pulsed strongly during the colonial period. Magnificent buildings in Art Deco, Neo-Classical, and Indisch Empire styles stand tall, serving as reminders of past glories. The experience of exploring this area not only delights the eyes with architectural beauty but also opens a window to understanding how the city was shaped and developed under colonial rule. By walking, you can admire the intricate carvings, tall windows, artistic balconies, and sturdy pillars that characterize colonial buildings. The atmosphere presented is vastly different from the hustle and bustle of a modern city, offering tranquility and an opportunity for historical reflection.

For lovers of history, architecture, photography, or simply those seeking a different kind of travel experience, Bandung's Old Town is the perfect destination. This article will guide you through the rich colonial heritage of Bandung, from its long history, the main attractions not to be missed, to practical tips to make your visit even more memorable. Prepare to be enchanted by the timeless classic charm of Bandung's Old Town, a journey that will connect you with the city's historical roots.

History & Background

The history of Bandung's Old Town is inseparable from the city's development under Dutch East Indies rule. In the early 19th century, Bandung was still a small, quiet sub-district. However, in 1810, Governor-General Herman Willem Daendels ordered the construction of the Anyer-Panarukan road, which traversed the Bandung area. This directive marked the beginning of Bandung's transformation. In 1811, Bandung's status was elevated to resident capital, further accelerating its growth. This initial period was characterized by the construction of basic infrastructure and colonial government offices.

Significant development occurred in the late 19th and early 20th centuries when Bandung began to transform into an administrative center and a resort for colonial officials. Its cool climate, far from the hot coast, made it an ideal location for luxurious villas and offices. European architects, many influenced by European modernist styles like Art Deco and Neo-Classical, began designing the buildings we now recognize as Bandung's Old Town heritage. Main streets like Jalan Braga (formerly Jalan de Preanger) became centers of social and commercial activity, filled with luxury shops, cafes, and cinemas.

Several iconic buildings that still stand proudly today bear witness to this period. Gedung Sate, completed in 1920, became a symbol of colonial power and the center of Dutch East Indies government in West Java. This building showcases a unique blend of European architectural styles and local elements, with a tower resembling a satay skewer. Nearby, Gedung Pakuan (the official residence of the Governor of West Java) also has a long history dating back to the colonial era. Furthermore, the area around Jalan Asia Afrika and Jalan Sudirman is filled with offices, banks, and hospitals built during that time, such as Gedung Merdeka, which hosted the Asian-African Conference in 1955, a historic event marking the rise of Asian and African nations.

World War II and Indonesia's struggle for independence also left their mark on Bandung's Old Town. Some buildings may have been used as military headquarters or other important sites during the Japanese occupation and the revolution. After independence, many of these buildings continued to be used, either as government offices, museums, or other public facilities. Preservation efforts are ongoing to maintain the authenticity and historical value of the area. Jalan Braga, in particular, has undergone revitalization to become a center for arts, culture, and culinary experiences, attracting tourists to enjoy its nostalgic atmosphere with a modern touch. Understanding this history is crucial for appreciating the architectural richness and cultural significance of Bandung's Old Town.

Main Attractions

Exploring Bandung's Old Town is a journey rich with discoveries, where every corner holds a story and beauty. Here are some of the main attractions you shouldn't miss:

1. Jalan Braga

Jalan Braga is the heart of Bandung's Old Town and its most recognized icon. This street was once the center of the most luxurious social and commercial life during the colonial era. Today, Jalan Braga remains vibrant with its stunning row of historic buildings, many of which have been transformed into cafes, restaurants, art galleries, and boutiques. Art Deco and Neo-Classical architecture dominate, with unique details like curved balconies, tall windows, and artistic facade ornaments. Walking along Jalan Braga, especially in the afternoon, offers a magical experience. You can admire buildings like Gedung De Vries, Gedung Landmark, and Gedung Nix. Don't miss the chance to sit at one of the outdoor cafes, enjoy a coffee while people-watching, and soak in the strong nostalgic atmosphere.

Iconic Building Names: Gedung De Vries, Gedung Landmark, Gedung Nix,
Architectural Style: Art Deco, Neo-Classical
Activities: Walking, photography, enjoying culinary delights, shopping for souvenirs.

2. Gedung Sate

One of Bandung's most iconic buildings, Gedung Sate, is an architectural masterpiece blending European and local elements. Completed in 1920, this building initially served as the office for the Department of Public Works and Railways of the Dutch East Indies. Its distinctive feature is the satay-skewer-shaped tower housing a large clock, making it an easily recognizable landmark. The building displays a fusion of Italian Renaissance, Majapahit, and Sundanese styles. Today, Gedung Sate is the office of the Governor of West Java and several other government agencies. Visitors can admire its architecture from the outside, and sometimes tours are available allowing you to see its grand interior, including a small museum showcasing the history of the building and the city of Bandung. Its strategic location in the city center makes it easily accessible.

Completion Year: 1920
Original Function: Office of the Department of Public Works & Railways of the Dutch East Indies
Architectural Style: Fusion of Italian Renaissance, Majapahit, Sundanese
Activities: Admiring architecture, photography, visiting the museum (if available).

3. Gedung Merdeka & Asian-African Conference (AAC)

Gedung Merdeka holds immense historical significance for Indonesia and the world. Built in 1921 in the Art Deco style, this building initially served as a social gathering hall for European clubs. However, the most monumental event that took place here was the Asian-African Conference (AAC) in 1955, attended by leaders from 29 Asian and African nations. The AAC was a crucial milestone in the decolonization movement and the formation of the Non-Aligned Movement. Inside Gedung Merdeka is the Museum of the Asian-African Conference, which houses various artifacts, photographs, and documents related to the conference, providing deep insights into Indonesia's diplomatic history and the struggles of Asian and African nations.

Year Built: 1921
Key Event: Asian-African Conference (1955)
Facilities: Museum of the Asian-African Conference
Architectural Style: Art Deco
Activities: Visiting the museum, learning diplomatic history.

4. Museum of the Asian-African Conference

Located within Gedung Merdeka, this museum is a treasure trove for history enthusiasts. Its collection includes historical photographs from the AAC, important documents, dioramas, and personal items of the delegates. The main conference hall of the AAC is preserved in its original condition, offering a direct glimpse into the atmosphere of the conference. Visitors can see a world map showing the participating countries and learn about the spirit of unity and the struggle for independence championed during that era. This museum serves as a reminder of Indonesia's important role on the international stage.

Location: Gedung Merdeka
Collection: Photos, documents, dioramas of the AAC
Significance: Understanding the history of the Non-Aligned Movement and Indonesian diplomacy.

5. Bank Indonesia Building (Former De Javasche Bank Building)

Standing majestically at the end of Jalan Braga, the De Javasche Bank building (now Bank Indonesia) is an example of robust and elegant colonial architecture. Built in 1916, this building features Neo-Classical architecture with an Indisch Empire touch. Its symmetrical design, large pillars, and tall windows convey an impression of authority and power. Although it currently functions as a Bank Indonesia office, its well-maintained exterior remains a strong visual attraction. This building reflects the important role of financial institutions in the colonial era and how economic centers were established at that time.

Year Built: 1916
Architectural Style: Neo-Classical, Indisch Empire
Location: End of Jalan Braga
Current Function: Bank Indonesia Office

6. Teras Cihampelas (Area Around Cihampelas Walk)

Although the modern Teras Cihampelas is better known as a shopping complex, the surrounding areas feature several old buildings worth noting. In the past, this area was also part of Bandung's development during the colonial period. Exploring the small streets around Cihampelas can reveal several old houses with distinctive architectural styles. This is an opportunity to see how the daily lives of the people, including colonial officials, were organized outside the main administrative centers.

Activities: Exploring small streets, observing the architecture of old houses.

7. Gedung Landmark

One of the most striking buildings on Jalan Braga, Gedung Landmark, is a beautiful example of Art Deco architecture. Built in the 1920s, this building was once a luxury shopping center and office. Its unique facade with geometric elements and characteristic Art Deco ornaments makes it a favorite photo spot. Today, the building is often used for various events and exhibitions, while still retaining its classic charm.

Decade Built: 1920s
Architectural Style: Art Deco
Location: Jalan Braga

Travel Tips & Logistics

To maximize your experience exploring Bandung's Old Town, here are some travel tips and logistical information to consider:

Best Time to Visit

Weekdays (Monday-Friday): The area tends to be quieter, suitable for enjoying the atmosphere and photography without crowds. However, some shops or cafes may have more limited operating hours.
Weekends (Saturday-Sunday): Jalan Braga and its surroundings become livelier with many visitors, street performers, and vendors. The atmosphere is more festive but can be crowded. Late afternoons are the most popular times.
Weather: Bandung has a cool climate year-round. However, the rainy season typically occurs between November and April. Choose a time outside the peak rainy season for comfortable walking.

How to Get to Bandung's Old Town

Bandung's Old Town is located in the city center, making it easily accessible from various directions.

From Husein Sastranegara Airport: Approximately a 20-30 minute drive by taxi or ride-sharing service.
From Bandung Train Station: Approximately a 10-15 minute drive by taxi or ride-sharing service.
Using Private Vehicle: Parking is available around Jalan Braga and other public areas, although it can sometimes be difficult to find when crowded.
Local Transportation: Public minivans (angkot) pass through several main roads near the area, but walking is the best way to explore the Old Town.

Transportation within the Area

Walking: This is the most recommended method. The Old Town area is relatively compact, allowing you to walk from one attraction to another while admiring the architectural details.
Bicycles: Several bicycle rentals are available around the area, offering a fun and eco-friendly way to get around.
Becak or Delman (Horse Carriage): Sometimes available on Jalan Braga or surrounding areas for a nostalgic experience.

Accommodation

There are various accommodation options near Bandung's Old Town, ranging from budget hotels to luxury hotels.

Hotels around Jalan Braga: Offer direct access to the heart of the area.
Hotels on Jalan Asia Afrika: Also nearby and offer easy access.
Boutique Inns: Some unique inns with a classic feel can be found on the small streets around the area.

Additional Tips

Comfortable Clothing: Wear comfortable shoes as you'll be doing a lot of walking.
Bring Drinking Water: Especially if you visit during warm weather.
Photography Equipment: Don't forget your camera or smartphone to capture the architectural beauty.
Check Operating Hours: Be sure to check the operating hours of specific museums or attractions before visiting.
Bargain (When Buying Souvenirs): If you shop at souvenir stores or street vendors, bargaining is common.
Maintain Cleanliness: Dispose of trash properly to keep the area beautiful.
Respect Historic Buildings: Avoid touching or damaging building elements.
Use Local Maps or Apps: They can aid navigation and finding interesting spots.

Estimated Costs (Approximate)

Museum Entrance Fees: The Museum of the Asian-African Conference usually has an affordable entrance fee (around Rp 5,000 - Rp 15,000).
Food & Drinks: Varies depending on choice, from Rp 20,000 for snacks to Rp 100,000+ for restaurant meals.
Local Transportation: Angkots are very cheap; taxis or ride-sharing range from Rp 20,000 - Rp 50,000 depending on distance.
Accommodation: Starts from Rp 200,000 per night for budget hotels to Rp 1,000,000+ for star hotels.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

**Q: Is Bandung's Old Town safe to visit?
A: Yes, Bandung's Old Town is generally safe, especially in the main areas like Jalan Braga. However, as in any crowded place, remain aware of your belongings.

**Q: How long does it take to explore Bandung's Old Town?
A: To enjoy most of the main attractions, you'll need at least half a day to a full day.

**Q: Are there guided tours in Bandung's Old Town?
A: Sometimes local tour operators offer walking tours. You can also hire an independent tour guide.

Cuisine & Local Experience

Exploring Bandung's Old Town wouldn't be complete without savoring its culinary richness and experiencing the local flavors it offers. This area is a perfect blend of history and contemporary tastes.

Bandung's Culinary Delights around the Old Town

Coffee and Pastries: Jalan Braga is famous for its classic cafes serving quality coffee and a variety of Dutch-style pastries. Enjoy a cup of 'kopi tubruk' (traditional brewed coffee) or espresso while soaking in the old-world atmosphere. Some legendary cafes like Braga Permai (formerly De Braga's) still maintain their classic recipes and interiors.
Sundanese Cuisine: In various corners of the city, you'll find restaurants serving authentic Sundanese dishes. Try 'nasi timbel' (rice wrapped in banana leaf), grilled chicken, 'karedok' (vegetable salad in peanut sauce), or delicious 'sate maranggi' (marinated grilled meat skewers).
Street Food: Don't miss the chance to taste Bandung's signature street food like 'surabi' (rice pancake), 'cilok' (tapioca meatballs), or 'batagor' (fried dumplings) sold by street vendors around the area.
Restaurants with Historical Ambiance: Several restaurants on Jalan Braga, like Braga Permai, offer a unique dining experience with authentic colonial-style interiors. Dining here feels like stepping back in time.

Unique Local Experiences

Enjoying Jalan Braga's Night Atmosphere: After sunset, Jalan Braga transforms into a vibrant spot. Streetlights illuminate the historic buildings, cafes buzz with activity, and street performers entertain. This atmosphere is magical and a must-experience.
Hunting for Architectural Photos: Bandung's Old Town is a photographer's paradise. The beauty of colonial architecture, intricate details, and the play of light offer numerous opportunities for stunning shots.
Visiting Antique Shops and Souvenir Stores: In some corners, you might find shops selling antiques or unique souvenirs reminiscent of the colonial era. These can be interesting places to look for distinctive gifts.
Watching Street Art Performances: Especially on weekends, you might encounter musicians, painters, or other street performers who add to the lively atmosphere.
Joining a Historical Tour: If you're keen to delve deeper into the history, consider joining a walking tour led by a local historian. They can provide in-depth narratives about each building and the events that transpired.

Culinary Recommendations

Braga Permai: For a classic European culinary experience and nostalgic ambiance.
Kopi Anjis: A modern cafe with quality coffee on Jalan Braga.
Warung Nasi Ibu Imas: Famous for its spicy Sundanese dishes (slightly outside the core area, but worth visiting).
Batagor Kingsley: One of the most legendary 'batagor' spots in Bandung.

By combining historical tours, architectural beauty, and delicious cuisine, Bandung's Old Town offers a rich and multifaceted experience for every visitor.

Conclusion

Bandung's Old Town is a hidden gem offering a magnificent journey into Indonesia's colonial past. With its grand classic architecture, the iconic Jalan Braga, and historically significant sites like Gedung Sate and Gedung Merdeka, this area is a tangible testament to Bandung's rich cultural heritage. Exploring its cobblestone streets, admiring the details of Art Deco and Neo-Classical buildings, and feeling the nostalgic atmosphere is an invaluable experience. More than just sights, Bandung's Old Town also offers opportunities to learn about Indonesia's important history, from the colonial era to crucial post-independence moments. The blend of historical charm, architectural beauty, delicious cuisine, and the city's unique ambiance makes Bandung's Old Town a must-visit destination for anyone visiting Bandung. It is a place where the past meets the present, creating a profound and memorable experience. Don't miss the chance to tread the colonial footprints and feel the timeless charm of Bandung's Old Town.

Colonial Footprints: Exploring the Classic Charm of Bandung's Old Town