7 Days in East Kalimantan: From National Parks to the New Capital Nusantara

Introduction

East Kalimantan, a province brimming with natural beauty and future potential, invites you on an epic 7-day adventure. From the pristine tropical rainforests of Kutai National Park to the pulsating development of the new capital city, Nusantara, this journey offers a unique blend of wild natural charm and Indonesia's futuristic vision. Prepare to be enveloped by extraordinary biodiversity, captivating culture, and transformative experiences that will leave a lasting impression. This article will guide you through a carefully designed itinerary, ensuring you maximize every moment in this enchanting land of Borneo. Let's dive into the wonders of East Kalimantan, a destination that promises unforgettable experiences for every traveler seeking authentic adventure and new insights into the nation's future.

History & Background

East Kalimantan, now in the spotlight as the location for the New Capital City of Nusantara, possesses a long history etched into its rich natural landscape and diverse cultural heritage. Historically, this region has been inhabited by various indigenous groups, including the Dayak, Kutai, and Bugis people, each bringing their unique cultural heritage, traditions, and local wisdom. Their lives were deeply intertwined with nature, relying on rivers as primary transportation routes and forests as their source of livelihood. The discovery of coal and oil deposits in the 20th century brought significant changes, attracting migrants from various regions and triggering economic growth through extractive industries. However, these natural resource riches also presented challenges in terms of environmental conservation and sustainability.

The administrative history of East Kalimantan has also evolved. The province was once part of a larger territory before being established as a separate province in 1956. The provincial capital has moved several times, from Samarinda to Tenggarong, and back to Samarinda. The monumental decision to relocate Indonesia's national capital from Jakarta to East Kalimantan, specifically in parts of North Penajam Paser and Kutai Kartanegara Regencies, marks a significant new chapter. The Nusantara Capital City (IKN) project is not merely a relocation of the government center but an ambitious vision to create a future city that is modern, sustainable, smart, and environmentally conscious, reflecting the new Indonesian identity. The selection of this location was based on geological considerations making it relatively safe from natural disasters, as well as its strategic position in the heart of the Indonesian archipelago. The development of IKN, with initial targets for basic infrastructure completion by 2024, is expected to bring significant economic, social, and cultural impacts to East Kalimantan and Indonesia as a whole, while also serving as a symbol of national transformation and progress.

Main Attractions

1. Kutai National Park (TNK): A Biodiversity Haven

• Description: Kutai National Park is East Kalimantan's ecological gem, a vast expanse of tropical rainforest that is home to a myriad of rare and endemic species. TNK is renowned as a habitat for the Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), as well as various other primate species, exotic birds, sambar deer, wild boars, and even elusive clouded leopards. The flora diversity here is also astonishing, with giant trees and traditional medicinal plants.
• Activities: Explore the forest via well-maintained trekking trails, observe orangutans in their natural habitat (especially in sanctuary areas like Samboja Lestari or at Sangkima), go birdwatching, learn about the rainforest ecosystem from local guides, and enjoy the tranquility of pristine nature. Some areas within TNK also offer opportunities to see beaches and mangroves.
• Best Time to Visit: The dry season (around June-September) is generally preferred for trekking as trails are easier to navigate and the risk of rain is reduced, although wildlife can be observed year-round.
• Location: Spread across two main blocks: Sangkima (East Kutai Regency) and Samboja (Kutai Kartanegara Regency).

2. Nusantara Capital City (IKN): The Vision of a Future City

• Description: IKN is an ambitious project by the Indonesian government to relocate the capital from Jakarta. This project is designed as a sustainable, smart, and environmentally conscious city, with a "city in the forest" concept and vast green open spaces. Visitors can witness the monumental infrastructure development, including the State Palace, DPR/MPR Buildings, and various ministries, built with modern and iconic architecture.
• Activities: Although construction is ongoing, visitors can experience the aura of the future by visiting viewpoints offering distant panoramas of the IKN project. Take informative tours explaining the vision and development plans for IKN, and visit any available information centers. Some public areas around the core zone of IKN are planned to be opened to visitors over time.
• Best Time to Visit: Visits can be made anytime, but the views of the construction project will be more dynamic as progress continues.
• Location: Located in parts of North Penajam Paser and Kutai Kartanegara Regencies, approximately 50 km south of Samarinda and 30 km north of Balikpapan.

3. Mahakam River: The Heart of East Kalimantan

• Description: The Mahakam River is East Kalimantan's longest river, bisecting the province and serving as the lifeline for many communities. The river offers views of authentic rural life, mangrove forests, natural lakes, and opportunities to spot the Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris), a rare freshwater mammal.
• Activities: Enjoy a cruise along the Mahakam River by motorboat or ferry. Visit traditional riverside villages, such as Pampang Dayak Cultural Village, to witness traditional dances and handicrafts. Observe local fishing activities, explore the lakes connected to the river, and if lucky, spot the dolphins in their habitat.
• Best Time to Visit: Year-round, though the dry season might offer easier access to some areas.
• Location: The Mahakam River flows through various regencies, with points of interest around Samarinda, Tenggarong, and Muara Kaman.

4. Samboja Beach & Beras Basah Island:

• Description: While more known for its forests and rivers, East Kalimantan also boasts beautiful coastlines. Samboja Beach offers a quieter, more natural ambiance, while Beras Basah Island near Bontang is a small island with an iconic lighthouse, a popular spot for enjoying sunsets and water activities.
• Activities: Relax on the beach, swim, snorkel in the clear waters (especially around Beras Basah Island), or simply enjoy the sea views. Visiting the lighthouse on Beras Basah Island is a unique experience.
• Best Time to Visit: The dry season generally provides calmer sea conditions for water activities.
• Location: Samboja Beach in Kutai Kartanegara, Beras Basah Island off the coast of Bontang.

5. Samarinda Religious & Cultural Tourism Area (Samarinda Islamic Center Mosque):

• Description: The Samarinda Islamic Center Mosque is one of the largest and most magnificent mosques in Southeast Asia. With its grand architecture inspired by the Nabawi Mosque in Medina and the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, and its towering minarets, this mosque is an icon of Samarinda city and a center for religious activities.
• Activities: Visit and admire the mosque's architecture, enjoy the serene atmosphere, and learn about its history and role in the local Muslim community.
• Best Time to Visit: Year-round, avoid primary prayer times if you seek a quieter ambiance.
• Location: Samarinda City.

Travel Tips & Logistics

Accommodation:

• Options: East Kalimantan offers a diverse range of accommodation, from star-rated hotels in major cities like Samarinda and Balikpapan to simple guesthouses (losmen or homestays) in rural areas or near national parks. In the IKN area, the development of modern hotels and accommodations is expected to grow over time.
• Recommendation: Book accommodation well in advance, especially if traveling during holidays or special events. Check reviews and facilities before booking.

Transportation:

• Inter-City: Domestic flights are the quickest way to reach East Kalimantan, with Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Airport (BPN) in Balikpapan and Temindung Airport (SRI) in Samarinda (currently transitioning to the New Samarinda International Airport/Banjarmasin). From Balikpapan, you can continue by road to Samarinda (approx. 3 hours) or directly to the IKN area. Inter-city buses are also available, though they take longer.
• Within Cities/Areas: Renting a car with a driver is a convenient option for exploring various locations, especially if you have a tight schedule. Taxis and ride-sharing services (like Gojek/Grab) are available in major cities. To explore the Mahakam River, you can rent a motorboat or join a river tour.
• To Kutai National Park: Access to TNK usually requires a combination of land transportation and sometimes a boat, depending on the park block you visit. Ensure you have a clear transportation plan and perhaps hire a local guide.

Essential Logistics:

• Visa & Documents: Ensure your passport is valid for at least 6 months. Foreign nationals may require a visa depending on their nationality; check the latest immigration regulations.
• Currency: The currency used is the Indonesian Rupiah (IDR). Credit cards are accepted in large hotels and some restaurants in the city, but cash is essential for transactions in traditional markets, local eateries, and remote areas.
• Health: Consult your doctor regarding recommended vaccinations. Carry a basic first-aid kit, mosquito repellent, and sunscreen. Drink sealed bottled water.
• Connectivity: Mobile signal and internet may be limited in rural and forest areas. Purchase a local SIM card if you require stable connection.
• Clothing: Pack light, comfortable, and breathable clothing due to the hot and humid tropical climate. Also, prepare rain gear, a hat, sunglasses, and sturdy shoes for trekking. Modest clothing is recommended when visiting places of worship.
• Local Guides: Hiring local guides is highly recommended, especially when visiting Kutai National Park and exploring the Mahakam River. They possess in-depth knowledge of the area, wildlife, culture, and can help ensure your safety.

Best Time to Visit:

• General: The dry season (around June to September) is ideal for most outdoor activities, including trekking and river exploration, as rainfall is lower and trail conditions are better.
• National Parks: The dry season also aids in wildlife observation in certain areas.
• IKN: Construction of IKN takes place year-round, so whenever you visit, you will witness construction activities. However, better weather during the dry season might make visits more comfortable.

Budget (Rough Estimate per Person per Day, excluding international airfare):

• Backpacker: IDR 300,000 - IDR 500,000 (simple accommodation, local food, public/budget transport)
• Mid-Range: IDR 700,000 - IDR 1,200,000 (comfortable hotels, restaurant meals, vehicle rental/tours)
• Luxury: IDR 1,500,000+ (best hotels, private tours, exclusive experiences)

Important Note: Costs can vary depending on activity choices, travel style, and price fluctuations.

Cuisine & Local Experience

East Kalimantan's Signature Cuisine:

• Nasi Subut: A unique dish made from fermented rice with yeast, then steamed. It has a slightly sour taste and chewy texture, often served as a side dish.
• Gangan: A type of rich, spiced fish or vegetable soup. There are various types of Gangan, such as Gangan Asam (with a sour taste from starfruit) and Gangan Manuk (chicken soup with special spices).
• Soto Banjar: Although originating from South Kalimantan, Soto Banjar is very popular in East Kalimantan. Made from chicken broth with distinctive spices, served with shredded chicken, boiled eggs, and ketupat (rice cakes).
• Ayam Cincane: A signature grilled chicken dish from Kutai, cooked with flavorful spices and a hint of spiciness. Its name is derived from the Cincane bird, which was said to often eat the spices used.
• Ikan Bakar/Goreng (Grilled/Fried Fish): Various types of fresh freshwater and saltwater fish, such as snakehead, catfish, snapper, and mackerel, are favorites. They are prepared in various ways, from grilling with sweet soy sauce and chili to deep-frying until crispy.
• Pecel Lele/Ayam: A popular dish in many parts of Indonesia, including East Kalimantan, featuring fried catfish or chicken served with spicy sambal terasi (shrimp paste chili sauce) and fresh vegetables.

Unforgettable Local Experiences:

• Interacting with Dayak Communities: Visit traditional villages like Pampang Dayak near Samarinda. Witness the Hudoq dance (a fertility ritual dance) or the Jepen dance, learn about traditional longhouses (Betang), and see unique handicrafts like rattan weaving and beadwork.
• Spotting Irrawaddy Dolphins on the Mahakam River: One of the most special experiences is seeing the rare freshwater dolphins, the Irrawaddy dolphins, swimming in their natural habitat. Boat trips in the morning or late afternoon often offer the best chances.
• Traditional Markets: Explore local markets like Pasar Pagi in Samarinda. Feel the pulse of daily life, sample local snacks, and see various local produce and handicrafts.
• Learning Handicrafts: Some communities offer short workshops to learn traditional crafts like weaving or wood carving.
• Staying in a Homestay: For a more immersive experience, consider staying in a local homestay, especially in riverside villages. This offers an opportunity for direct interaction with local families and understanding their way of life.

Conclusion

This 7-day journey through East Kalimantan promises a rich mosaic of experiences, blending untouched natural wonders with an ambitious vision for the future. From the serenity of Kutai National Park's rainforests, a testament to extraordinary biodiversity, to the bustling development of the Nusantara Capital City reflecting Indonesia's optimism, every corner of this province offers a unique story. The Mahakam River will guide you through the pulse of local life, while the richness of its cuisine and the warmth of its people will complete your adventure. East Kalimantan is not just about destinations; it's about a transformative journey connecting the past, present, and future of the nation. Prepare to be amazed, inspired, and return with invaluable memories from the heart of Borneo.