Introduction

Welcome to a comprehensive travel guide for a week-long underwater adventure in North Maluku, Indonesia. This historically rich and naturally stunning region is a paradise for adventure seekers, especially those captivated by the mesmerizing underwater world. In this guide, we will explore three primary destinations: Ternate, Tidore, and the Banda Islands.

North Maluku, often referred to as the 'Veranda of Mecca,' is not only a religious center but also the historical heart of the world's spice trade. Its long history as a hub for spice commerce has left a legacy of rich culture, while its dramatic landscapes, from active volcanoes to vibrant coral reefs, offer an unforgettable experience. Ternate, with its majestic Mount Gamalama and historic forts, serves as a perfect starting point. Tidore, its neighboring island with similar beauty, provides tranquility and breathtaking views. The pinnacle of this journey is the Banda Islands, a hidden gem in the Banda Sea, which bears witness to the glory of spices and is now one of the best diving and snorkeling spots globally.

This one-week itinerary is designed to provide a perfect balance between cultural exploration, historical immersion, and, of course, extraordinary underwater experiences. You will dive into a colorful marine life, interact with friendly local communities, and feel the pulse of history that still resonates strongly in every corner. Prepare to be enchanted by the unspoiled natural beauty of North Maluku, where every turn offers a story and a wonder waiting to be discovered. This guide will assist you in planning every step, from logistics to recommendations for the best local culinary experiences. Let's begin your adventure in Indonesia's spice paradise and underwater wonderland!

History & Background

North Maluku boasts an incredibly rich history, particularly tied to its role as the world's spice trade center. For centuries, these islands were coveted by European powers due to their invaluable nutmeg and clove wealth. The Banda Islands, in particular, were dubbed the 'Spice Islands' as they were the sole source of nutmeg and mace in the world for a period.

The history of North Maluku predates the arrival of Europeans by centuries. Local kingdoms such as Ternate and Tidore were already well-established, possessing complex political and social systems and extensive trade networks. Ternate, founded in the 13th century, grew into a powerful maritime sultanate, controlling much of the Maluku region. This sultanate played a significant role in the spread of Islam in the archipelago.

Similarly, Tidore, a rival and trading partner of Ternate, also has a long history as a center of power in eastern Indonesia.

The arrival of Europeans in the 16th century brought drastic changes. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to reach Maluku, seeking spices. However, they were soon replaced by the Spanish and then the Dutch. The VOC (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie), or the Dutch East India Company, became the dominant force, monopolizing the spice trade in often brutal ways. They built defensive forts in Ternate, Tidore, and Banda to secure spice supplies and ward off other European competitors. These forts, such as Fort Oranje in Ternate and Fort Nassau in Banda, now stand as silent witnesses to a turbulent colonial past.

The VOC's rule was marked by cruel exploitation. In the Banda Islands, the nutmeg monopoly led to immense suffering for the indigenous population. William Dampier, an English explorer, noted in the late 17th century that the native Banda people were nearly wiped out due to VOC atrocities, and the islands were populated by slaves from various regions.

The struggle against colonial rule continued. Figures like Sultan Nuku of Tidore led fierce resistance against the Dutch in the late 18th century. Indonesia's fight for independence also has strong roots in North Maluku, with local fighters contributing to the effort to expel the colonizers.

After Indonesia's independence, North Maluku underwent various administrative changes. In 1999, the province of North Maluku was formed, separating from the province of Maluku. The establishment of this new province aimed to accelerate development and provide greater focus on the northern Maluku region.

Today, North Maluku is striving to rise from its complex past. Its historical legacy is evident in the architecture of old forts, the preserved sultanate traditions, and its diverse cultural tapestry. For travelers, this history provides an extraordinary layer of depth to the natural beauty on offer. Exploring Ternate, Tidore, and Banda is not just about enjoying the scenery; it's also about tracing the footsteps of past glory and sorrow, understanding how spices shaped the world, and how the spirit of resistance lives on in these enchanting islands.

Main Attractions

North Maluku offers a captivating blend of stunning underwater beauty, rich history, and unique culture. On this week-long journey, we will focus on three main destinations, each with its own distinctive appeal:

Ternate: Sultanate Heart and Volcano Island

Ternate, a comet-shaped island dominated by the active Mount Gamalama, is an ideal starting point. Known as one of Indonesia's oldest sultanates, Ternate offers a fascinating mix of history and nature.

Mount Gamalama: For adventurers, climbing Mount Gamalama is a thrilling experience. The panoramic views of the crater and surrounding landscape from the summit are immensely rewarding. Ensure you are accompanied by an experienced local guide, as volcanic activity can change unexpectedly.
Fort Oranje & Fort Kalamata: Explore the remnants of Dutch colonial glory at Fort Oranje, the largest fort in North Maluku. Fort Kalamata, with its unique architecture, offers beautiful sea views and an interesting historical narrative.
Lake Tolire: This beautiful volcanic lake is rumored to have unfathomable depths and be home to white crocodiles. Local legends add a mystical aura to its natural beauty.
Sulamadaha Beach: Enjoy the white sand and clear waters of this beach, a perfect spot to relax after a day of exploring the city. Snorkeling here also offers opportunities to see marine life.
Traditional Markets: Experience the city's pulse by visiting traditional markets, where you can find local produce, spices, and handicrafts.

Tidore: Island of History and Hidden Beauty

Adjacent to Ternate, Tidore is a quieter yet equally enchanting island. Known as the 'Spice Island,' Tidore boasts a legendary sultanate history and breathtaking natural scenery.

Sultanate of Tidore: Visit the former sultan's palace, now a museum, to understand Tidore's long history and influence in the region. Interaction with the residing royal family can provide valuable cultural insights.
Fort Tahula & Fort Mareku: Explore Spanish and Portuguese-era forts offering strategic views of the sea and land. Fort Tahula, for instance, provides an extraordinary panoramic vista.
Cobo Beach: This beach is famous for its unique black sand and clear waters. It's an ideal place for swimming, relaxing, and enjoying the sunset.
Waterfalls: Tidore features several beautiful waterfalls scattered throughout its tropical forests, offering opportunities for refreshing nature adventures.
Views of Mount Gamalama & Maitara: From Tidore, you'll be treated to the iconic views of Mount Gamalama in Ternate and the small island of Maitara, famous for its scenery that often appears on the Rp 1,000 banknote.

Banda Islands: Underwater Paradise and Spice Gem

The Banda Islands are the highlight of this adventure, an archipelago of volcanic islands located in the Banda Sea. Once the center of the world's nutmeg trade, Banda is now renowned as one of the best diving and snorkeling destinations in Indonesia, and indeed, the world.

Diving & Snorkeling: Banda Neira, Banda Besar, and Ai Island are the main spots. The coral reefs here are exceptionally healthy and teeming with marine biodiversity. You can spot Napoleon wrasse, sea turtles, reef sharks, and thousands of other species of tropical fish. Sites like 'Batu Kapal' and 'Sembilan' are highly recommended.
Fort Belgica & Fort Nassau: Explore the historic forts built by the VOC and Portuguese. Fort Belgica, perched on a hilltop, offers spectacular 360-degree views of the islands and the Banda Sea.
Bung Karno's Exile House: Visit the place where Indonesia's Proclamator, Soekarno, was exiled by the Dutch in the 1930s. This is a historically significant site for Indonesian history.
Banda Elang Village & Lonthoir Village: Experience the life of the local communities in fishing villages and nutmeg plantations. You can learn about nutmeg and clove cultivation and enjoy the hospitality of the locals.
Banda Api Volcano: For daring climbers, ascending this active volcano offers a challenge and incredible views.

This journey promises a rich experience, combining stunning underwater natural beauty with a deep historical heritage. Each island offers a unique perspective on North Maluku's treasures.

Travel Tips & Logistics

Planning a trip to North Maluku, especially to somewhat remote destinations like the Banda Islands, requires attention to logistical details. Here are some essential tips to ensure your journey is smooth and enjoyable:

Getting to North Maluku:

Main Airport: Sultan Babullah Airport (Ternate) is the primary gateway to North Maluku. You can fly to Ternate from major Indonesian cities like Jakarta, Surabaya, Makassar, or Manado. Airlines such as Garuda Indonesia, Lion Air, and Citilink typically serve these routes.
Getting to the Banda Islands: From Ternate, you have several options to reach the Banda Islands:
Flight: There are direct flights from Ternate to Banda Neira Airport (Lambda) operated by pioneer airlines like Wings Air or Susi Air. The frequency of these flights is limited, and schedules can change, so booking well in advance is highly recommended.
Ferry: A more economical but time-consuming option is to take a ferry from Dede Port in Ternate to Banda Neira Port. This journey can take 24-36 hours, depending on the schedule and sea conditions. These ferries usually depart a few times a week.
Speedboat: Inter-island speedboat services are available, but they are more expensive, and their schedules are not always fixed.

Accommodation:

Ternate & Tidore: A variety of accommodation options are available, ranging from star hotels and guesthouses to simple lodgings. Booking through online platforms is usually easier.
Banda Islands: Accommodation options in Banda Neira are more limited, dominated by homestays, guesthouses, and a few small inns. It is highly advisable to book accommodation well in advance, especially during peak seasons.

Local Transportation:

Ternate & Tidore: Public transport such as ojek (motorcycle taxis), bemo (open-backed cars), and taxis are available. To explore the islands, renting a motorbike is a good option. Between Ternate and Tidore, you can use speedboats or ferries.
Banda Islands: On Banda Neira, you can walk, rent a motorbike, or use an ojek. To visit other islands, you will need to hire a speedboat or a local fishing boat.

Best Time to Visit:

The dry season in North Maluku generally runs from April to November. This period offers clearer weather and calmer seas, ideal for diving and snorkeling activities.
Avoid the rainy season (December-March) if possible, as it can cause rough seas and reduce underwater visibility.

Packing Essentials:

Snorkeling/Diving Gear: Although you can rent some items, bringing your own mask, snorkel, and fins will be more comfortable.
Swimwear & Sunscreen: Essential for water activities.
Personal Medications: Bring any medications you need, as availability in remote areas may be limited.
Cash: ATMs may not be available on all islands, especially in Banda. Carry enough cash for your needs.
Lightweight & Comfortable Clothing: Tropical weather tends to be hot and humid.
Waterproof Camera: To capture the underwater beauty.
Sunglasses & Hat: To protect yourself from the sun.
Universal Adapter & Power Bank: For charging electronic devices.

Health & Safety:

Vaccinations: Consult your doctor about recommended vaccinations for Indonesia.
Drinking Water: Drink bottled water to avoid digestive issues.
Insect Bites: Use mosquito repellent, especially at night.
Sea Safety: Always heed advice from local guides regarding sea conditions and currents.

Visa & Travel Documents:

Ensure your passport is valid for at least 6 months.
Check visa requirements for your nationality. Many countries can obtain a visa on arrival or are visa-exempt for short stays.

Additional Tips:

Learn Local Phrases: While Indonesian is the national language, a few local phrases can be very helpful and are appreciated by the locals.
Respect Local Culture: Dress modestly when visiting places of worship or interacting with local communities.
Maintain Cleanliness: Dispose of trash properly to preserve natural beauty.
Be Flexible: Transportation schedules in Indonesia, especially in remote areas, can change. Be prepared to be a little flexible with your plans.

With careful planning, your trip to North Maluku will be an unforgettable experience. Enjoy its natural beauty, learn about its history, and experience the warmth of its people.

Cuisine & Local Experience

A trip to North Maluku would be incomplete without savoring its culinary richness and experiencing authentic local encounters. This region offers a unique blend of flavors, influenced by its spice trade history and fresh seafood bounty.

Distinct Flavors of North Maluku:

Grilled Fish & Fresh Seafood: As an archipelago, seafood is the star. Fresh fish like snapper, tuna, and bonito are often grilled with rich spice marinades, served with spicy and fresh colo-colo sambal. Also try shrimp, squid, and lobster prepared in various ways.
Nasi Campur: Similar to other regions in Indonesia, Nasi Campur in North Maluku has its own characteristics. It typically consists of white rice, spicy shredded fish, fried noodles, fried tempeh, and boiled vegetables, served with sambal.
Sago: Sago flour is a staple food in North Maluku. From sago, various dishes are made, such as papeda (a thick sago porridge usually eaten with fish in yellow broth), sinonggi (similar to papeda but more watery), and other traditional cakes.
Ikan Kuah Kuning: A fish dish cooked in a rich coconut milk broth with a bright yellow hue from turmeric. It's savory, slightly sour, and spicy, perfect with rice or papeda.
Sambal Colo-Colo: North Maluku's signature chili sauce made from chilies, tomatoes, shallots, and lime juice. It's fresh, spicy, and tangy, making it a perfect accompaniment to seafood dishes.
Ginger Root & Herbal Drinks: Warm drinks made from fresh ginger root are often served to warm the body, especially after a day of outdoor activities. Various other herbal drinks are also available, believed to have health benefits.

Unforgettable Local Experiences:

Visiting Traditional Markets: Explore local markets like Gamalama Market in Ternate or the market in Banda Neira. Here you can see various types of fresh fish, local produce, spices like fresh nutmeg and cloves, and handicrafts. Interacting with the vendors is a great way to experience the daily life of the community.
Learning Nutmeg & Clove Cultivation: In the Banda Islands, you have a unique opportunity to visit nutmeg and clove plantations. Learning about the planting, harvesting, and processing of these spices directly from local farmers will provide a deeper appreciation for the history of the 'Spice Islands.' Some homestays even offer plantation tours.
Witnessing Local Traditions: If you're lucky, you might witness traditional ceremonies or local festivals held in the villages. Ask locals about event schedules.
Interacting with Fishing Communities: In coastal villages, take time to talk to the fishermen. You can learn about traditional fishing techniques and their lives at sea.
Staying in Homestays: Staying in a homestay will give you the chance to interact more closely with local families, savor their home-cooked meals, and gain deeper insights into their culture and daily life.
Enjoying Local Coffee & Tea: North Maluku also produces quality coffee and tea. Enjoy a cup of local coffee or tea while admiring the scenery or the sunset.

Cuisine & Experience Tips:

Don't Be Afraid to Try: Sample various local dishes, even those that seem unfamiliar. It's part of your culinary adventure.
Ask for Recommendations: Locals are the best source for recommendations on must-try dishes or eateries.
Buy Spices: If you visit a market, buy fresh spices like nutmeg, cloves, or vanilla as souvenirs. Be sure to ask about proper storage.
Ensure Food Hygiene: Choose eateries that appear clean and hygienic.

Savoring local cuisine and engaging in cultural experiences are the best ways to truly understand and appreciate North Maluku. It's not just about the sights but also about the tastes, aromas, and the warmth of its people.

Conclusion

A week-long journey through North Maluku, exploring Ternate, Tidore, and the Banda Islands, is a tapestry woven from threads of history, breathtaking underwater beauty, and invaluable cultural richness. From the majestic peak of Mount Gamalama to the vibrant depths of the Banda Sea, every moment offers a new discovery.

You have traced the footsteps of the world's spice trade glory, stood in historic forts that bore witness to colonial power struggles, and felt the enduring pulse of the sultanates. The underwater splendor of Banda, with its healthy coral reefs and abundant marine biodiversity, promises diving and snorkeling experiences that will be etched forever in your memory. Interactions with friendly local communities, savoring rich local cuisine, and absorbing the tranquility of islands far from urban hustle all contribute to a holistic travel experience.

North Maluku offers more than just a tourist destination; it offers a journey through time, a sensory adventure, and an opportunity to reconnect with nature and history. It is a place where every corner holds a story, and every encounter brings warmth. Whether you are a history buff, an underwater enthusiast, or simply an adventurer, North Maluku has something special for you.

May this guide serve as your valuable companion in planning an unforgettable adventure in Indonesia's spice and underwater paradise. Happy exploring North Maluku!

1 Week North Maluku Underwater Adventure: Ternate, Tidore, & Banda