Pringsewu

History

#

History of Pringsewu: From Bamboo Forest to Lampung's Food Barn

Origins and Colonial Era: The First Transmigration Program

The name "Pringsewu" etymologically originates from the Javanese language, specifically Pring meaning bamboo and Sewu meaning thousand. This naming refers to the region's past geographical condition of being a dense bamboo forest. Pringsewu's modern history cannot be separated from the Kolonisatie policy implemented by the Dutch East Indies Government.

On November 9, 1925, a group of transmigrants from Java began clearing land in the area that was then part of the Lampung residency. This program was initiated to reduce population density in Java while providing labor for Dutch plantations. These early pioneers were led by local figures who established settlements around Margasari Village. Due to the abundance of bamboo trees along the riverbanks and in the settlements, the newcomers named the area Pringsewu. This characteristic makes Pringsewu one of the strongest Javanese cultural enclaves in the heart of Lampung Province.

The Era of the Independence Struggle

During the Japanese occupation and the war of independence, Pringsewu played a strategic role as a logistics and defense route. Its location in the western cardinal direction from the provincial capital made it an important connecting point to the mountainous regions. The local community actively participated in defending sovereignty through people's militias. One significant event was the role of farmers in supporting the logistics of independence fighters who were guerrilla warfare in the slopes of Mount Betung and surrounding areas.

Administrative Transformation and Modern Development

After independence, Pringsewu grew rapidly as a trading center. Administratively, this area of 617.65 km² was initially part of South Lampung Regency, then became part of Tanggamus Regency upon its expansion in 1997. However, the community's aspiration for self-governance continued to strengthen. Based on Law Number 48 of 2008, Pringsewu officially became an independent Regency on April 3, 2009.

Geographically, Pringsewu is a unique region as it has no coastline (landlocked), but it is blessed with a capable technical irrigation system. This makes it one of the main food barns in Lampung. The Regency borders four strategic areas: Pesawaran Regency to the east, Central Lampung Regency to the north, and Tanggamus Regency to the west and south.

Cultural Heritage and Historical Sites

Pringsewu's rich history is reflected in the acculturation of Lampung and Javanese cultures. One prominent historical site is the Maria Padang Bulan Cave, inaugurated in 1949, which stands as a symbol of religious tolerance and the long history of the Catholic community in the region. Additionally, the Bamboo Monument in the city center serves as a reminder of the area's origins. Agrarian traditions like Bersih Desa (Village Cleansing) are still routinely practiced as a form of gratitude for the harvest.

Today, Pringsewu is known as a dynamic city of education and services. Its transformation from a bamboo forest into an economic center in western Lampung is a testament to successful cultural assimilation and the resilience of an agrarian community in facing the currents of national modernization.

Geography

#

Geography of Pringsewu Regency: Regional Characteristics and Landscape

Pringsewu Regency is an administrative entity in Lampung Province with unique geographical characteristics. Covering an area of 617.65 km², the regency is administratively located in the western part of Lampung Province's main growth center. Unlike its neighboring regencies that have coastlines, Pringsewu is a completely landlocked region, directly bordering four main areas: Central Lampung Regency to the north, Pesawaran Regency to the east and south, and Tanggamus Regency to the west.

##

Topography and Regional Morphology

Topographically, Pringsewu presents diverse relief variations, ranging from lowlands to hilly areas. Most of its territory is at an altitude between 50 to 400 meters above sea level. In the western and northern parts, the landscape is dominated by hills that are part of the Barisan Mountains range. One of the most iconic geographical features is the presence of Mount Pajaresuk and the hills around Pagelaran District, which add dynamism to the region's landscape. Fertile valleys are formed between these hills, creating natural basins ideal for settlements and agrarian activities.

##

Hydrology and Irrigation System

Pringsewu is traversed by several important river flows that are the lifeblood of its community. The Way Sekampung River is the main river flowing through the region. The existence of this river is crucial as it supports an extensive technical irrigation system, especially with the Way Sekampung Dam, which functions as a flood controller and a source of raw water. This well-developed hydrological network makes Pringsewu a food barn with high water resilience, despite being far from coastal areas.

##

Climate and Seasonal Variations

Based on climate classification, Pringsewu has a tropical wet climate with average temperatures ranging between 24°C and 32°C. Rainfall in the region is quite high, mainly due to the influence of the hilly topography in the west, which triggers orographic rainfall. The dry season typically lasts from June to September, while the rainy season occurs between October and April. High humidity in the valleys of Pringsewu creates a cool microclimate, especially in areas adjacent to the border of Tanggamus Regency.

##

Natural Resources and Biodiversity

Pringsewu's natural wealth relies on the agricultural and plantation sectors. Fertile volcanic soil allows for the massive development of rice, corn, and cocoa commodities. In the forestry sector, there are still preserved community forest areas, which serve as habitats for various types of local avifauna and flora. Although not rich in large metal minerals, Pringsewu has potential deposits of Class C excavation materials such as rubble and sand scattered along river flows and at the foot of hills. Ecologically, the region functions as a water catchment buffer for the lower Lampung region.

Culture

#

Exploring the Cultural Charm of Pringsewu Regency: A Harmony of Acculturation in the Heart of Lampung

Pringsewu Regency, geographically located in the western part of Lampung Province with an area of 617.65 km², is a unique region that does not directly border the coastline. The name "Pringsewu" itself comes from the Javanese language, "Pring" meaning bamboo and "Sewu" meaning thousand. This name reflects the history of clearing bamboo forests by early transmigrants, creating a cultural identity that is a harmonious blend of original Lampung customs and strong Javanese traditions.

##

Traditions, Ceremonies, and Religious Practices

As a region inhabited by diverse ethnic groups, Pringsewu is a meeting point for traditions. The indigenous Lampung people in Pringsewu still maintain the Begawi ceremony, a traditional ritual as a form of gratitude for a person's promotion in the adat (traditional) structure. On the other hand, Javanese influence is strongly evident in the Bersih Desa or Ruwat Bumi traditions, which are routinely held in districts like Gadingrejo and Ambarawa as a prayer for safety. In terms of religion, Pringsewu is known for its high tolerance, where the celebration of Islamic holidays blends with local traditions, and the presence of Catholic religious sites like Gua Maria Padang Bulan serves as a center of devotion and an iconic religious tourism destination.

##

Arts, Music, and Performances

The art scene in Pringsewu is very dynamic. Traditional arts such as Kuda Lumping and Reog Ponorogo are commonly found at folk festivals, alongside Lampung's Pencak Silat. In music, the influence of traditional instruments like Talo Balak (a large Lampung gong) is often collaborated with gamelan. One unique performance is Sastra Lisan Lampung (Lampung Oral Literature) such as Padih or Segata, which are usually delivered at formal traditional events to convey advice or humorous pantuns.

##

Culinary Delights and Local Flavors

Pringsewu is a specific culinary paradise. Besides Seruit (Lampung's signature fish chili paste), Pringsewu has its own specialties in processing agricultural products. One notable item is processed banana and cassava chips with various flavors produced by local home industries. Additionally, there is Nasi Tiwul (cassava rice) modified with typical Sumatran side dishes, creating a hybrid flavor that is hard to find elsewhere.

##

Language, Dialect, and Communication

The people of Pringsewu are generally bilingual or trilingual. Indonesian is used formally, but in daily life, Javanese dialects (East Javanese or Central Javanese) dominate in urban areas and transmigration settlements. Meanwhile, the Lampung language, specifically the "Api" (Coastal) dialect, is still preserved and used by the indigenous community, creating a unique linguistic environment where inter-ethnic residents often understand each other's languages.

##

Textiles and Traditional Clothing

Pringsewu's visual identity is reflected in the use of Kain Tapis. Pringsewu Tapis is known for its very fine gold thread embroidery details. Besides Tapis, the use of Batik Pringsewu with bamboo motifs (Pring) is now being popularized as a regional identity uniform. For weddings, brides often wear the Siger (Lampung crown) but with touches of makeup or modifications that suit the diverse family backgrounds.

Pringsewu's uniqueness lies in its ability to preserve Lampung's ancestral heritage while embracing the culture of newcomers, making it a miniature model of a harmonious Indonesia rich in noble values.

Tourism

#

Exploring the Charm of Pringsewu: A Green Gem in the Heart of Lampung

Pringsewu Regency, located in the western part of Lampung Province, is a unique destination offering a harmonious blend of agrotourism, hilly landscapes, and the warmth of local culture. With an area of 617.65 km² and bordering four main regions—Pesawaran, Tanggamus, Central Lampung, and West Lampung—Pringsewu has transformed from a mere transit town into a captivating tourist center.

##

Refreshing Natural and Hilly Tourism

Although it lacks a coastline, Pringsewu is blessed with stunning hilly topography. One of its main icons is Bukit Pangonan in Pajaresuk. Here, visitors can enjoy panoramic city views from above while taking photos at various creative viewing platforms. For water lovers, Bendungan Way Sekampung offers vast water views against a backdrop of green hills, creating a tranquil atmosphere rarely found in big cities. Additionally, there is Talang Indah, a colonial heritage site consisting of a giant aqueduct now surrounded by lush gardens, making it a perfect blend of history and nature.

##

Cultural Traces and Religious Tourism

Pringsewu has a long history closely linked to early 20th-century transmigration programs. Tourists can visit the Pringsewu History House to understand the origin of the region's name, which means "Thousand Bamboo." From a religious perspective, Gua Maria Padang Bulan is a serene pilgrimage destination with a well-preserved forest atmosphere, offering a deep spiritual experience for visitors.

##

Outdoor Adventures and Adrenaline

For the adventurous spirit, climbing the peaks of Bukit Blitarejo or Bukit Bintang offers a physical challenge that is rewarded with spectacular sunrise views. Visitors can also explore cycling routes through vast green rice fields along the main roads, an authentic experience that embodies Pringsewu's nickname as Lampung's food barn.

##

Culinary Paradise and Local Experiences

Pringsewu is a culinary hub in Lampung. Don't miss the experience of tasting Pringsewu's signature Mie Khocok or enjoying freshwater fish dishes at floating restaurants around the dam. At night, the Pringsewu Rest Area transforms into a center for local snacks, offering a variety of local delicacies and strong, fragrant Lampung robusta coffee.

##

Accommodation and Best Time to Visit

Pringsewu is known for its very friendly locals. Accommodation options range from simple hotels to comfortable star-rated hotels in the city center. The best time to visit is during the dry season from April to September, allowing you to enjoy the hilly scenery and outdoor activities without being hindered by rain. Visit Pringsewu to experience the warmth of the "Thousand Bamboo" city, offering modern comfort within a beautiful natural setting.

Economy

#

Economic Profile of Pringsewu Regency: A Commercial Hub in the Heart of Lampung

Pringsewu Regency, with an area of 617.65 km², is an important economic pillar in Lampung Province. Strategically located in the western part of the provincial capital, this region has the unique characteristic of being a completely landlocked area, directly bordering Pesawaran, Central Lampung, Tanggamus, and West Lampung Regencies. Despite lacking a coastline, Pringsewu has successfully optimized its agricultural potential and service sector into its main economic strengths.

##

Dominance of the Agricultural Sector and Food Security

The agricultural sector remains the backbone of Pringsewu's economy. As one of Lampung's food barns, the regency relies on the technical irrigation system from Way Sekampung. Main commodities include rice and secondary crops, but its specific strength lies in the freshwater aquaculture sector. Without a maritime economy, Pringsewu dominates the freshwater fish market, such as catfish, carp, and tilapia, supplying to areas outside the province. The plantation sector, including coffee and cocoa in the hilly areas, also contributes significantly to regional income.

##

Regional Trade and Service Center

Pringsewu is known by the nickname "City of Education and Trade." Economic growth in this region is greatly driven by the rapidly developing service and retail sectors along the Trans-Sumatra Western Route (Jalinbar). The presence of various higher education institutions creates a dynamic microeconomic ecosystem, ranging from boarding houses, culinary businesses, to logistics services. This has led to a shift in employment trends from the primary sector (agriculture) to the tertiary sector (services), with a high labor participation rate in the MSME sector.

##

Creative Industries and Local Crafts

Small and medium-scale processing industries are drivers of the grassroots economy in Pringsewu. One of the flagship products that has penetrated the national market is the Tapis fabric craft with Pringsewu's distinctive motifs and processed food products such as chips and traditional snacks. Additionally, there are furniture and wood processing industry centers that utilize community forest products from surrounding areas.

##

Infrastructure and Connectivity

The development of transportation infrastructure is key to accelerating Pringsewu's economy. As a major transit route to regencies in western Lampung and Bengkulu, economic activity in Pringsewu is almost non-stop 24 hours a day. The local government continues to focus on improving the quality of district roads to facilitate the distribution of agricultural products from villages to the city center. Furthermore, the development of the Way Sekampung Dam not only functions as an irrigation and flood control facility but is now projected as a water tourism destination, opening new economic opportunities in community-based tourism.

With the integration of food self-sufficiency, an educational service center, and a strategic geographical position, Pringsewu continues to show stable economic growth above the provincial average, making it one of the most promising areas for investment in Lampung.

Demographics

#

Demographic Profile of Pringsewu Regency, Lampung

Pringsewu Regency is an administrative entity in Lampung Province with unique demographic characteristics as a non-coastal inland region covering 617.65 km². Located in the western cardinal position from the province's main growth center, Pringsewu directly borders four regions: Pesawaran, Tanggamus, Central Lampung, and West Lampung.

Population Size, Density, and Distribution

With a population exceeding 400,000 people, Pringsewu records itself as one of the areas with the highest population density in Lampung, reaching over 650 people/km². Unlike neighboring regencies with large but sparsely populated areas, Pringsewu's population distribution is relatively even, with the main concentration in Pringsewu, Gadingrejo, and Pagelaran Districts.

Ethnic Composition and Cultural Diversity

Pringsewu's demographics are dominated by the influence of historical migration. The Javanese ethnic group constitutes a significant majority, evident in the toponyms (place names) that are strongly imbued with Javanese nuances. This creates a unique cultural landscape where the local Javanese dialect serves as the lingua franca, harmoniously coexisting with the indigenous Lampung people and other migrant ethnic groups such as Sundanese and Minangkabau. This diversity is reflected in the cultural syncretism maintained in daily life.

Age Structure and Population Pyramid

Pringsewu has an "expansive to stationary" population structure, where the productive age group (15-64 years) dominates the demographic profile. The dependency ratio tends to decrease, offering opportunities for a demographic bonus for this region. The young age group remains significant, but a declining birth rate trend is starting to be observed along with the success of family planning programs.

Education and Literacy

The literacy rate in Pringsewu is one of the highest in Lampung. Known as the "City of Education," this region has a high ratio of educational facilities compared to its area. The presence of various private universities and superior schools attracts students from surrounding regencies (Tanggamus and Pesawaran), creating a large student population dynamic.

Urbanization and Migration Patterns

Although administratively a regency, Pringsewu shows rapid urbanization patterns. There is a transformation from an agrarian society to a service and trade society. In-migration is dominated by local urbanization flows from neighboring areas seeking access to education and health services, while out-migration is usually undertaken by higher education graduates to big cities in Java to seek professional job opportunities.